Shoplifting or retail theft laws vary from state to state, and in many states the act of shoplifting—taking displayed goods from a commercial retail store during store hours and without paying for the goods—is classified as the criminal offense of theft or larceny.
Shoplifting, theft, and larceny laws are often classified in part by the value of the goods stolen, attempted to be stolen, or intended to be stolen. These laws are generally located in a state’s statutes—often in the penal or criminal code.
In Alabama, shoplifting is considered a form of theft and is governed by the state's theft laws. The Alabama Criminal Code classifies theft of property into different degrees based on the value of the goods stolen. For example, if the value of the merchandise is less than $500, it is considered Theft of Property in the Fourth Degree, which is a Class A misdemeanor. If the value is between $500 and $2,500, it is Theft of Property in the Third Degree, a Class D felony. Thefts involving values higher than $2,500 are classified in the Second or First Degree, with increasing severity of penalties. Additionally, Alabama law includes specific provisions for shoplifting, such as the presumption that concealing goods while still in the store is evidence of intent to commit theft. Penalties for shoplifting can include fines, restitution to the merchant, and possible jail or prison time, depending on the degree of the theft and the offender's criminal history.