When a deceased person (decedent) dies without a will (intestate) or the decedent’s will is found to be invalid by the probate court, the court may appoint an administrator to manage the estate, assets, and liabilities of the decedent. The administrator must be qualified or approved by the court and in some instances may be required to post a bond to secure the assets of the estate.

Upon appointment of an administrator by the probate court the court may issue letters of administration that authorize the administrator to administer the decedent’s estate by collecting amounts due to the estate, paying any outstanding debts of the estate, and distributing the assets of the estate in accordance with the state’s intestate succession laws.

Laws and procedures vary from state to state but an administrator—and the administrator’s administration of the estate—may be supervised or unsupervised by the probate court and may be with or without a bond required from the administrator.

In New Jersey, when a person dies without a valid will (intestate), the probate court may appoint an administrator to manage the decedent's estate. This includes handling the estate's assets and liabilities. The appointed administrator must be qualified and is often required to be approved by the court. New Jersey law may also require the administrator to post a bond to protect the estate's assets. The probate court issues letters of administration to the administrator, granting them the authority to collect debts owed to the estate, pay the estate's outstanding debts, and distribute the remaining assets according to New Jersey's intestate succession laws. The administration of the estate by the administrator can be either supervised or unsupervised by the probate court, and the requirement for a bond depends on the specific circumstances of the estate and the court's discretion.