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Title 12A - Commercial Transactions
Title 12A - Commercial Transactions
Section 12A:1-101 - Short titles.
Section 12A:1-102 - Scope of chapter.
Section 12A:1-103 - Construction of the Uniform Commercial Code to promote its purposes and policies; applicability of supplemental principles of law.
Section 12A:1-104 - Construction against implied repeal.
Section 12A:1-105 - Severability.
Section 12A:1-106 - Use of singular and plural; gender.
Section 12A:1-107 - Section captions.
Section 12A:1-108 - Relation to electronic signatures in Global and National Commerce Act.
Section 12A:1-201 - General definitions.
Section 12A:1-202 - Notice; knowledge.
Section 12A:1-203 - Lease distinguished from security interest.
Section 12A:1-204 - Value.
Section 12A:1-205 - Reasonable time; seasonableness.
Section 12A:1-206 - Presumptions.
Section 12A:1-301 - Territorial applicability; parties' power to choose applicable law.
Section 12A:1-302 - Variation by agreement.
Section 12A:1-303 - Course of performance, course of dealing, and usage of trade.
Section 12A:1-304 - Obligation of good faith.
Section 12A:1-305 - Remedies to be liberally administered.
Section 12A:1-306 - Waiver of renunciation of claim or right after breach.
Section 12A:1-307 - Prima facie evidence by third party documents.
Section 12A:1-308 - Performance or acceptance under reservation of rights.
Section 12A:2-101 - Short title
Section 12A:2-102 - Scope; certain security and other transactions excluded from this chapter
Section 12A:2-103 - Definitions and index of definitions.
Section 12A:2-104 - Definitions: "merchant" ; "between merchants" ; "financing agency"
Section 12A:2-105 - Definitions: transferability; "goods" ; "future" goods; "lot" ; "commercial unit"
Section 12A:2-106 - Definitions: "contract" ; "agreement" ; "contract for sale" ; "sale" ; "present sale" ; "conforming" to contract; "termination" ; "cancellation"
Section 12A:2-107 - Goods to be severed from realty: recording
Section 12A:2-201 - Formal requirements; statute of frauds
Section 12A:2-202 - Final written expression: parol or extrinsic evidence
Section 12A:2-203 - Seals inoperative
Section 12A:2-204 - Formation in general
Section 12A:2-205 - Firm offers
Section 12A:2-206 - Offer and acceptance in formation of contract
Section 12A:2-207 - Additional terms in acceptance or confirmation
Section 12A:2-208 - Course of performance or practical construction
Section 12A:2-209 - Modification, rescission and waiver
Section 12A:2-210 - Delegation of performance; assignment of rights
Section 12A:2-301 - General obligations of parties
Section 12A:2-302 - Unconscionable contract or clause
Section 12A:2-303 - Allocation or division of risks
Section 12A:2-304 - Price payable in money, goods, realty, or otherwise
Section 12A:2-305 - Open price term
Section 12A:2-306 - Output, requirements and exclusive dealings
Section 12A:2-307 - Delivery in single lot or several lots
Section 12A:2-308 - Absence of specified place for delivery
Section 12A:2-309 - Absence of specific time provisions; notice of termination.
Section 12A:2-310 - Open time for payment or running of credit; authority to ship under reservation.
Section 12A:2-311 - Options and cooperation respecting performance
Section 12A:2-312 - Warranty of title and against infringement; buyer's obligation against infringement
Section 12A:2-313 - Express warranties by affirmation, promise, description, sample
Section 12A:2-313.1 - Consumer goods product; warranties of 90 days or less; computation of time
Section 12A:2-313.2 - Consumer goods product; defined
Section 12A:2-314 - Implied warranty: merchantability; usage of trade
Section 12A:2-315 - Implied warranty: fitness for particular purpose
Section 12A:2-316 - Exclusion or modification of warranties
Section 12A:2-317 - Cumulation and conflict of warranties express or implied
Section 12A:2-318 - Third party beneficiaries of warranties express or implied
Section 12A:2-319 - F.O.B. and F.A.S. terms
Section 12A:2-320 - C.I.F. and C. & F. terms
Section 12A:2-321 - C.I.F. or C. & F.: "net landed weights" ; "payment on arrival" ; warranty of condition on arrival
Section 12A:2-322 - Delivery "ex-ship"
Section 12A:2-323 - Form of bill of lading required in overseas shipment; "overseas."
Section 12A:2-324 - "No arrival, no sale" term
Section 12A:2-325 - "Letter of credit" term; "confirmed credit"
Section 12A:2-326 - Sale on approval and sale or return; rights of creditors
Section 12A:2-327 - Special incidents of sale on approval and sale or return
Section 12A:2-328 - Sale by auction
Section 12A:2-329 - Short title
Section 12A:2-330 - Definitions
Section 12A:2-331 - Terms of consignment
Section 12A:2-332 - Protection of consignor from creditors of consignee
Section 12A:2-333 - Consignments protected from creditors
Section 12A:2-334 - Consignment agreement
Section 12A:2-335 - Civil liability of consignee
Section 12A:2-336 - Waiver of rights of consignor
Section 12A:2-401 - Passing of title; reservation for security; limited application of this section.
Section 12A:2-402 - Rights of seller's creditors against sold goods
Section 12A:2-403 - Power to transfer; good faith purchase of goods; "entrusting"
Section 12A:2-501 - Insurable interest in goods; manner of identification of goods
Section 12A:2-502 - Buyer's right to goods on seller's repudiation, failure to deliver, or insolvency
Section 12A:2-503 - Manner of seller's tender of delivery.
Section 12A:2-504 - Shipment by seller
Section 12A:2-505 - Seller's shipment under reservation.
Section 12A:2-506 - Rights of financing agency.
Section 12A:2-507 - Effect of seller's tender; delivery on condition
Section 12A:2-508 - Cure by seller of improper tender or delivery; replacement
Section 12A:2-509 - Risk of loss in the absence of breach.
Section 12A:2-510 - Effect of breach on risk of loss
Section 12A:2-511 - Tender of payment by buyer; payment by check.
Section 12A:2-512 - Payment by buyer before inspection; exceptions.
Section 12A:2-513 - Buyer's right to inspection of goods
Section 12A:2-514 - When documents deliverable on acceptance; when on payment
Section 12A:2-515 - Preserving evidence of goods in dispute
Section 12A:2-601 - Buyer's rights on improper delivery
Section 12A:2-602 - Manner and effect of rightful rejection
Section 12A:2-603 - Merchant buyer's duties as to rightfully rejected goods
Section 12A:2-604 - Buyer's options as to salvage of rightfully rejected goods
Section 12A:2-605 - Waiver of buyer's objections by failure to particularize.
Section 12A:2-606 - What constitutes acceptance of goods
Section 12A:2-607 - Effect of acceptance; notice of breach; burden of establishing breach after acceptance; notice of claim or litigation to person answerable over
Section 12A:2-608 - Revocation of acceptance in whole or in part
Section 12A:2-609 - Right to adequate assurance of performance
Section 12A:2-610 - Anticipatory repudiation
Section 12A:2-611 - Retraction of anticipatory repudiation
Section 12A:2-612 - "Installment contract" ; breach
Section 12A:2-613 - Casualty to identified goods
Section 12A:2-614 - Substituted performance
Section 12A:2-615 - Excuse by failure of presupposed conditions
Section 12A:2-616 - Procedure on notice claiming excuse
Section 12A:2-701 - Remedies for breach of collateral contracts not impaired
Section 12A:2-702 - Seller's remedies on discovery of buyer's insolvency
Section 12A:2-703 - Seller's remedies in general
Section 12A:2-704 - Seller's right to identify goods to the contract notwithstanding breach or to salvage unfinished goods
Section 12A:2-705 - Seller's stoppage of delivery in transit or otherwise.
Section 12A:2-706 - Seller's resale including contract for resale
Section 12A:2-707 - "Person in the position of a seller"
Section 12A:2-708 - Seller's damages for non-acceptance or repudiation
Section 12A:2-709 - Action for the price
Section 12A:2-710 - Seller's incidental damages
Section 12A:2-711 - Buyer's remedies in general; buyer's security interest in rejected goods
Section 12A:2-712 - "Cover" ; buyer's procurement of substitute goods
Section 12A:2-713 - Buyer's damages for non-delivery or repudiation
Section 12A:2-714 - Buyer's damages for breach in regard to accepted goods
Section 12A:2-715 - Buyer's incidental and consequential damages
Section 12A:2-716 - Buyer's right to specific performance or replevin
Section 12A:2-717 - Deduction of damages from the price
Section 12A:2-718 - Liquidation or limitation of damages; deposits
Section 12A:2-719 - Contractual modification or limitation of remedy
Section 12A:2-720 - Effect of "cancellation" or "rescission" on claims for antecedent breach
Section 12A:2-721 - Remedies for fraud
Section 12A:2-722 - Who can sue third parties for injury to goods
Section 12A:2-723 - Proof of market price: time and place
Section 12A:2-724 - Admissibility of market quotations
Section 12A:2-725 - Statute of limitations in contracts for sale
Section 12A:2A-101 - Short title
Section 12A:2A-102 - Scope
Section 12A:2A-103 - Definitions and index of definitions.
Section 12A:2A-104 - Leases subject to other law
Section 12A:2A-105 - Territorial application of chapter to goods covered by certificate of title
Section 12A:2A-106 - Limitation on power of parties to consumer lease to choose applicable law and judicial forum
Section 12A:2A-107 - Waiver or renunciation of claim or right after default
Section 12A:2A-108 - Unconscionability
Section 12A:2A-109 - Option to accelerate at will
Section 12A:2A-201 - Statute of frauds
Section 12A:2A-202 - Final written expression: parol or extrinsic evidence
Section 12A:2A-203 - Seals inoperative
Section 12A:2A-204 - Formation in general
Section 12A:2A-205 - Firm offers
Section 12A:2A-206 - Offer and acceptance in formation of lease contract
Section 12A:2A-207 - Course of performance or practical construction
Section 12A:2A-208 - Modification, rescission and waiver
Section 12A:2A-209 - Lessee under finance lease as beneficiary of supply contract
Section 12A:2A-210 - Express warranties
Section 12A:2A-211 - Warranties against interference and against infringement; lessee's obligation against infringement
Section 12A:2A-212 - Implied warranty of merchantability
Section 12A:2A-213 - Implied warranty of fitness for particular purpose
Section 12A:2A-214 - Exclusion or modification of warranties
Section 12A:2A-215 - Cumulation and conflict of warranties express or implied
Section 12A:2A-216 - Third-party beneficiaries of express and implied warranties
Section 12A:2A-217 - Identification
Section 12A:2A-218 - Insurance and proceeds
Section 12A:2A-219 - Risk of loss
Section 12A:2A-220 - Effect of default on risk of loss
Section 12A:2A-221 - Casualty to identified goods
Section 12A:2A-301 - Enforceability of lease contract
Section 12A:2A-302 - Title to and possession of goods
Section 12A:2A-303 - Alienability of party's interest under lease contract or of lessor's residual interest in goods; delegation of performance; transfer of rights
Section 12A:2A-304 - Subsequent lease of goods by lessor
Section 12A:2A-305 - Sale or sublease of goods by lessee
Section 12A:2A-306 - Priority of certain liens arising by operation of law
Section 12A:2A-307 - Priority of liens arising by attachment or levy on, security interests in, and other claims to goods.
Section 12A:2A-308 - Special rights of creditors
Section 12A:2A-309 - Lessor's and lessee's rights when goods become fixtures
Section 12A:2A-310 - Lessor's and lessee's rights when goods become accessions
Section 12A:2A-311 - Priority subject to subordination
Section 12A:2A-401 - Insecurity: adequate assurance of performance
Section 12A:2A-402 - Anticipatory repudiation
Section 12A:2A-403 - Retraction of anticipatory repudiation
Section 12A:2A-404 - Substituted performance
Section 12A:2A-405 - Excused performance
Section 12A:2A-406 - Procedure on excused performance
Section 12A:2A-407 - Irrevocable promises: finance leases
Section 12A:2A-501 - Default: procedure
Section 12A:2A-502 - Notice after default
Section 12A:2A-503 - Modification or impairment of rights and remedies
Section 12A:2A-504 - Liquidation of damages
Section 12A:2A-505 - Cancellation and termination and effect of cancellation, termination, rescission, or fraud on rights and remedies
Section 12A:2A-506 - Statute of limitations
Section 12A:2A-507 - Proof of market rent: time and place
Section 12A:2A-508 - Lessee's remedies
Section 12A:2A-509 - Lessee's rights on improper delivery; rightful rejection
Section 12A:2A-510 - Installment lease contracts: rejection and default
Section 12A:2A-511 - Merchant lessee's duties as to rightfully rejected goods
Section 12A:2A-512 - Lessee's duties as to rightfully rejected goods
Section 12A:2A-513 - Cure by lessor of improper tender or delivery; replacement
Section 12A:2A-514 - Waiver of lessee's objections.
Section 12A:2A-515 - Acceptance of goods
Section 12A:2A-516 - Effect of acceptance of goods; notice of default; burden of establishing default after acceptance; notice of claim or litigation to person answerable over
Section 12A:2A-517 - Revocation of acceptance of goods
Section 12A:2A-518 - Cover; substitute goods
Section 12A:2A-519 - Lessee's damages for non-delivery, repudiation, default, and breach of warranty in regard to accepted goods
Section 12A:2A-520 - Lessee's incidental and consequential damages
Section 12A:2A-521 - Lessee's right to specific performance or replevin
Section 12A:2A-522 - Lessee's right to goods on lessor's insolvency
Section 12A:2A-523 - Lessor's remedies
Section 12A:2A-524 - Lessor's right to identify goods to lease contract
Section 12A:2A-525 - Lessor's right to possession of goods
Section 12A:2A-526 - Lessor's stoppage of delivery in transit or otherwise.
Section 12A:2A-527 - Lessor's rights to dispose of goods
Section 12A:2A-528 - Lessor's damages for nonacceptance, failure to pay, repudiation, or other default
Section 12A:2A-529 - Lessor's action for the rent
Section 12A:2A-530 - Lessor's incidental damages
Section 12A:2A-531 - Standing to sue third parties for injury to goods
Section 12A:2A-532 - Lessor's rights to residual interest
Section 12A:3-101 - Short title
Section 12A:3-102 - Subject matter
Section 12A:3-103 - Definitions
Section 12A:3-104 - Negotiable instrument
Section 12A:3-105 - Issue of instrument
Section 12A:3-106 - Unconditional promise or order
Section 12A:3-107 - Instrument payable in foreign money
Section 12A:3-108 - Payable on demand or at definite time
Section 12A:3-109 - Payable to bearer or to order
Section 12A:3-110 - Identification of person to whom instrument is payable
Section 12A:3-111 - Place of payment.
Section 12A:3-112 - Interest
Section 12A:3-113 - Date of instrument
Section 12A:3-114 - Contradictory terms of instrument
Section 12A:3-115 - Incomplete instrument
Section 12A:3-116 - Joint and several liability; contribution
Section 12A:3-117 - Other agreements affecting instrument
Section 12A:3-118 - Statute of limitations
Section 12A:3-119 - Notice of right to defend action
Section 12A:3-201 - Negotiation
Section 12A:3-202 - Negotiation subject to rescission
Section 12A:3-203 - Transfer of instrument; rights acquired by transfer
Section 12A:3-204 - Indorsement
Section 12A:3-205 - Special indorsement; blank indorsement; anomalous indorsement
Section 12A:3-206 - Restrictive indorsement
Section 12A:3-207 - Reacquisition
Section 12A:3-301 - Person entitled to enforce instrument
Section 12A:3-302 - Holder in due course
Section 12A:3-303 - Value and consideration
Section 12A:3-304 - Overdue instrument
Section 12A:3-305 - Defenses and claims in recoupment
Section 12A:3-306 - Claims to an instrument
Section 12A:3-307 - Notice of breach of fiduciary duty
Section 12A:3-308 - Proof of signatures and status as holder in due course.
Section 12A:3-309 - Enforcement of lost, destroyed, or stolen instrument
Section 12A:3-310 - Effect of instrument on obligation for which taken
Section 12A:3-311 - Accord and satisfaction by use of instrument
Section 12A:3-312 - Lost, destroyed, or stolen cashier's check, teller's check or certified check
Section 12A:3-401 - Signature
Section 12A:3-402 - Signature by representative
Section 12A:3-403 - Unauthorized signature
Section 12A:3-404 - Impostors; fictitious payees
Section 12A:3-405 - Employer's responsibility for fraudulent indorsement by employee
Section 12A:3-406 - Negligence contributing to forged signature or alteration of instrument
Section 12A:3-407 - Alteration
Section 12A:3-408 - Drawee not liable on unaccepted draft
Section 12A:3-409 - Acceptance of draft; certified check
Section 12A:3-410 - Acceptance varying draft
Section 12A:3-411 - Refusal to pay cashier's checks, teller's checks, and certified checks
Section 12A:3-412 - Obligation of issuer of note or cashier's check
Section 12A:3-413 - Obligation of acceptor
Section 12A:3-414 - Obligation of drawer
Section 12A:3-415 - Obligation of indorser
Section 12A:3-416 - Transfer warranties
Section 12A:3-417 - Presentment warranties
Section 12A:3-418 - Payment or acceptance by mistake
Section 12A:3-419 - Instruments signed for accommodation
Section 12A:3-420 - Conversion of instrument
Section 12A:3-501 - Presentment
Section 12A:3-502 - Dishonor
Section 12A:3-503 - Notice of dishonor
Section 12A:3-504 - Excused presentment and notice of dishonor
Section 12A:3-505 - Evidence of dishonor
Section 12A:3-601 - Discharge and effect of discharge
Section 12A:3-602 - Payment
Section 12A:3-603 - Tender of payment
Section 12A:3-604 - Discharge by cancellation or renunciation
Section 12A:3-605 - Discharge of indorsers and accommodation parties
Section 12A:4-101 - Short title
Section 12A:4-102 - Applicability
Section 12A:4-103 - Variation by agreement; measure of damages; action constituting ordinary care
Section 12A:4-104 - Definitions and index of definitions.
Section 12A:4-105 - "Bank"; "depositary bank"; "payor bank"; "intermediary bank"; "collecting bank"; "presenting bank"
Section 12A:4-106 - Payable through or payable at bank; collecting bank
Section 12A:4-107 - Separate office of bank
Section 12A:4-108 - Time of receipt of items
Section 12A:4-109 - Delays
Section 12A:4-110 - Electronic presentment
Section 12A:4-111 - Statute of limitations
Section 12A:4-201 - Status of collecting bank as agent and provisional status of credits; applicability of chapter; item indorsed "pay any bank"
Section 12A:4-202 - Responsibility for collection or return; when action is timely
Section 12A:4-203 - Effect of instructions
Section 12A:4-204 - Methods of sending and presenting; sending directly to payor bank
Section 12A:4-205 - Depositary bank holder of unindorsed item
Section 12A:4-206 - Transfer between banks
Section 12A:4-207 - Transfer warranties
Section 12A:4-208 - Presentment warranties
Section 12A:4-209 - Encoding and retention warranties
Section 12A:4-210 - Security interest of collecting bank in items, accompanying documents and proceeds.
Section 12A:4-211 - When bank gives value for purposes of holder in due course
Section 12A:4-212 - Presentment by notice of item not payable by, through, or at bank; liability of drawer or indorser
Section 12A:4-213 - Medium and time of settlement by bank
Section 12A:4-214 - Right of charge-back or refund; liability of collecting bank; return of item
Section 12A:4-215 - Final payment of item by payor bank; when provisional debits and credits become final; when certain credits become available for withdrawal
Section 12A:4-216 - Insolvency and preference
Section 12A:4-301 - Deferred posting; recovery of payment by return of items; time of dishonor; return of items by payor bank
Section 12A:4-302 - Payor bank's responsibility for late return of item
Section 12A:4-303 - When items are subject to notice, stop-payment order, legal process, or setoff; order in which items may be charged or certified
Section 12A:4-401 - When bank may charge customer's account
Section 12A:4-402 - Bank's liability to customer for wrongful dishonor; time of determining insufficiency of account
Section 12A:4-403 - Customer's right to stop payment; burden of proof of loss
Section 12A:4-404 - Bank not obliged to pay check more than six months old
Section 12A:4-405 - Death or incompetence of customer
Section 12A:4-406 - Customer's duty to discover and report unauthorized signature or alteration
Section 12A:4-407 - Payor bank's right to subrogation on improper payment
Section 12A:4-501 - Handling of documentary drafts; duty to send for presentment and to notify customer of dishonor
Section 12A:4-502 - Presentment of "on arrival" drafts
Section 12A:4-503 - Responsibility of presenting bank for documents and goods; report of reasons for dishonor; referee in case of need
Section 12A:4-504 - Privilege of presenting bank to deal with goods; security interest for expenses
Section 12A:4A-101 - Short title
Section 12A:4A-102 - Subject matter
Section 12A:4A-103 - Payment order - definitions
Section 12A:4A-104 - Funds transfer - definitions
Section 12A:4A-105 - Other definitions
Section 12A:4A-106 - Time payment order is received
Section 12A:4A-107 - Federal Reserve regulations and operating circulars
Section 12A:4A-108 - Relationship to electronic fund transfer act.
Section 12A:4A-201 - Security procedure
Section 12A:4A-202 - Authorized and verified payment orders
Section 12A:4A-203 - Unenforceability of certain verified payment orders
Section 12A:4A-204 - Refund of payment and duty of customer to report with respect to unauthorized payment order
Section 12A:4A-205 - Erroneous payment orders
Section 12A:4A-206 - Transmission of payment order through funds-transfer or other communication system
Section 12A:4A-207 - Misdescription of beneficiary
Section 12A:4A-208 - Misdescription of intermediary bank or beneficiary's bank
Section 12A:4A-209 - Acceptance of payment order
Section 12A:4A-210 - Rejection of payment order
Section 12A:4A-211 - Cancellation and amendment of payment order
Section 12A:4A-212 - Liability and duty of receiving bank regarding unaccepted payment order
Section 12A:4A-301 - Execution and execution date
Section 12A:4A-302 - Obligations of receiving bank in execution of payment order
Section 12A:4A-303 - Erroneous execution of payment order
Section 12A:4A-304 - Duty of sender to report erroneously executed payment order
Section 12A:4A-305 - Liability for late or improper execution or failure to execute payment order
Section 12A:4A-401 - Payment date
Section 12A:4A-402 - Obligation of sender to pay receiving bank
Section 12A:4A-403 - Payment by sender to receiving bank
Section 12A:4A-404 - Obligation of beneficiary's bank to pay and give notice to beneficiary
Section 12A:4A-405 - Payment by beneficiary's bank to beneficiary
Section 12A:4A-406 - Payment by originator to beneficiary; discharge of underlying obligation
Section 12A:4A-501 - Variation by agreement and effect of funds-transfer system rule
Section 12A:4A-502 - Creditor process served on receiving bank; set-off by beneficiary's bank
Section 12A:4A-503 - Injunction or restraining order with respect to funds transfer
Section 12A:4A-504 - Order in which items and payment orders may be charged to account; order of withdrawals from account
Section 12A:4A-505 - Preclusion of objection to debit of customer's account
Section 12A:4A-506 - Rate of interest
Section 12A:4A-507 - Choice of law
Section 12A:5-101 - Short title.
Section 12A:5-102 - Definitions.
Section 12A:5-103 - Scope.
Section 12A:5-104 - Formal requirements.
Section 12A:5-105 - Consideration.
Section 12A:5-106 - Issuance, amendment, cancellation, and duration.
Section 12A:5-107 - Confirmer, nominated person, and adviser.
Section 12A:5-108 - Issuer's rights and obligations.
Section 12A:5-109 - Fraud and forgery.
Section 12A:5-110 - Warranties.
Section 12A:5-111 - Remedies.
Section 12A:5-112 - Transfer of letter of credit.
Section 12A:5-113 - Transfer by operation of law.
Section 12A:5-114 - Assignment of proceeds.
Section 12A:5-115 - Statute of limitations.
Section 12A:5-116 - Choice of law and forum.
Section 12A:5-117 - Subrogation of issuer, applicant, and nominated person.
Section 12A:5-118 - Security interest of issuer or nominated person
Section 12A:7-101 - Short title.
Section 12A:7-102 - Definitions and index of definitions.
Section 12A:7-103 - Relation of chapter to treaty or statute.
Section 12A:7-104 - Negotiable and nonnegotiable document of title
Section 12A:7-105 - Reissuance in alternative medium.
Section 12A:7-106 - Control of electronic document of title.
Section 12A:7-201 - Person that may issue a warehouse receipt; storage under bond.
Section 12A:7-202 - Form of warehouse receipt; effect of omission.
Section 12A:7-203 - Liability for nonreceipt or misdescription.
Section 12A:7-204 - Duty of care; contractual limitation of warehouse's liability.
Section 12A:7-205 - Title under warehouse receipt defeated in certain cases.
Section 12A:7-206 - Termination of storage at warehouse's option.
Section 12A:7-207 - Goods must be kept separate; fungible goods.
Section 12A:7-208 - Altered warehouse receipts.
Section 12A:7-209 - Lien of warehouse.
Section 12A:7-210 - Enforcement of warehouse's lien.
Section 12A:7-301 - Liability for nonreceipt or misdescription; "said to contain;" "shipper's weight, load, and count;" improper handling.
Section 12A:7-302 - Through bills of lading and similar documents of title.
Section 12A:7-303 - Diversion; reconsignment; change of instructions.
Section 12A:7-304 - Tangible bills of lading in a set.
Section 12A:7-305 - Destination bills.
Section 12A:7-306 - Altered bills of lading.
Section 12A:7-307 - Lien of carrier.
Section 12A:7-308 - Enforcement of carrier's lien.
Section 12A:7-309 - Duty of care; contractual limitation of carrier's liability.
Section 12A:7-401 - Irregularities in issue of receipt or bill or conduct of issuer.
Section 12A:7-402 - Duplicate document of title; overissue.
Section 12A:7-403 - Obligation of bailee to deliver; excuse.
Section 12A:7-404 - No liability For good-faith delivery pursuant to document of title.
Section 12A:7-501 - Form of negotiation and requirements of due negotiation.
Section 12A:7-502 - Rights acquired by due negotiation.
Section 12A:7-503 - Document of title to goods defeated in certain cases.
Section 12A:7-504 - Rights acquired in absence of due negotiation; effect of diversion; stoppage of delivery.
Section 12A:7-505 - Indorser not guarantor for other parties.
Section 12A:7-506 - Delivery without indorsement: right to compel indorsement.
Section 12A:7-507 - Warranties on negotiation or delivery of document of title.
Section 12A:7-508 - Warranties of collecting bank as to documents of title.
Section 12A:7-509 - Adequate compliance with commercial contract.
Section 12A:7-601 - Lost, stolen, or destroyed documents of title.
Section 12A:7-602 - Judicial process against goods covered by negotiable document of title.
Section 12A:7-603 - Conflicting claims; interpleader.
Section 12A:7-701 - Applicability.
Section 12A:8-101 - Short Title.
Section 12A:8-102 - Definitions.
Section 12A:8-103 - Rule for determining whether certain obligations and interests are securities or financial assets.
Section 12A:8-104 - Acquisition of Security or Financial Asset or Interest Therein.
Section 12A:8-105 - Notice of Adverse Claim.
Section 12A:8-106 - Control
Section 12A:8-107 - Whether Indorsement, Instruction, or Entitlement Order is Effective.
Section 12A:8-108 - Warranties in Direct Holding.
Section 12A:8-109 - Warranties in Indirect Holding.
Section 12A:8-110 - Applicability; choice of law.
Section 12A:8-111 - Clearing Corporation Rules.
Section 12A:8-112 - Creditor's Legal Process.
Section 12A:8-113 - Statute of Frauds Inapplicable.
Section 12A:8-114 - Evidentiary Rules Concerning Certificated Securities.
Section 12A:8-115 - Securities Intermediary and Others Not Liable to Adverse Claimant.
Section 12A:8-116 - Securities Intermediary as Purchaser for Value.
Section 12A:8-201 - Issuer.
Section 12A:8-202 - Issuer's Responsibility and Defenses; Notice of Defect or Defense.
Section 12A:8-203 - Staleness as Notice of Defect or Defense.
Section 12A:8-204 - Effect of Issuer's Restriction on Transfer.
Section 12A:8-205 - Effect of Unauthorized Signature on Security Certificate.
Section 12A:8-206 - Completion or Alteration of Security Certificate.
Section 12A:8-207 - Rights and Duties of Issuer with Respect to Registered Owners.
Section 12A:8-208 - Effect of Signature of Authenticating Trustee, Registrar, or Transfer Agent.
Section 12A:8-209 - Issuer's Lien.
Section 12A:8-210 - Overissue.
Section 12A:8-301 - Delivery
Section 12A:8-302 - Rights of purchaser
Section 12A:8-303 - Protected Purchaser.
Section 12A:8-304 - Indorsement.
Section 12A:8-305 - Instruction.
Section 12A:8-306 - Effect of Guaranteeing Signature, Indorsement, or Instruction.
Section 12A:8-307 - Purchaser's Right to Requisites for Registration of Transfer.
Section 12A:8-401 - Duty of Issuer to Register Transfer.
Section 12A:8-402 - Assurance that Indorsement or Instruction is Effective.
Section 12A:8-403 - Demand That Issuer Not Register Transfer.
Section 12A:8-404 - Wrongful Registration.
Section 12A:8-405 - Replacement of Lost, Destroyed, or Wrongfully Taken Security.
Section 12A:8-406 - Obligation to Notify Issuer of Lost, Destroyed, or Wrongfully Taken Security Certificate.
Section 12A:8-407 - Authenticating Trustee, Transfer Agent, and Registrar.
Section 12A:8-501 - Securities Account; Acquisition of Security Entitlement from Securities Intermediary.
Section 12A:8-502 - Assertion of Adverse Claim Against Entitlement Holder.
Section 12A:8-503 - Property Interest of Entitlement Holder in Financial Asset held by Securities Intermediary.
Section 12A:8-504 - Duty of Securities Intermediary to Maintain Financial Asset.
Section 12A:8-505 - Duty of Securities Intermediary with Respect to Payments and Distributions.
Section 12A:8-506 - Duty of Securities Intermediary to Exercise Rights as Directed by Entitlement Holder.
Section 12A:8-507 - Duty of Securities Intermediary to Comply with Entitlement Order.
Section 12A:8-508 - Duty of Securities Intermediary to Change Entitlement Holder's Position to Other Form of Security Holding.
Section 12A:8-509 - Specification of Duties of Securities Intermediary by Other Statute or Regulation; Manner of Performance of Duties of Securities Intermediary and Exercise of Rights of Entitlement Holder.
Section 12A:8-510 - Rights of purchaser of security entitlement from entitlement holder.
Section 12A:8-511 - Priority among Security Interests and Entitlement Holders.
Section 12A:8-601 - Savings Clause.
Section 12A:9-101 - Short title
Section 12A:9-102 - Definitions and index of definitions.
Section 12A:9-103 - Purchase-money security interest; application of payments; burden of establishing.
Section 12A:9-104 - Control of deposit account.
Section 12A:9-105 - Control of electronic chattel paper.
Section 12A:9-106 - Control of investment property.
Section 12A:9-107 - Control of letter-of-credit right
Section 12A:9-108 - Sufficiency of description.
Section 12A:9-109 - Scope.
Section 12A:9-110 - Security interests arising under Chapter 2 or 2A
Section 12A:9-201 - General effectiveness of security agreement.
Section 12A:9-202 - Title to collateral immaterial
Section 12A:9-203 - Attachment and enforceability of security interest; proceeds; supporting obligations; formal requisites.
Section 12A:9-204 - After-acquired property, future advances.
Section 12A:9-205 - Use or disposition of collateral permissible.
Section 12A:9-206 - Security interest arising in purchase or delivery of financial asset.
Section 12A:9-207 - Rights and duties of secured party having possession or control of collateral.
Section 12A:9-208 - Additional duties of secured party having control of collateral.
Section 12A:9-209 - Duties of secured party if account debtor has been notified of assignment.
Section 12A:9-210 - Request for accounting; request regarding list of collateral or statement of account.
Section 12A:9-301 - Law governing perfection and priority of security interests.
Section 12A:9-302 - Law governing perfection and priority of agricultural liens
Section 12A:9-303 - Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in goods covered by a certificate of title.
Section 12A:9-304 - Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in deposit accounts.
Section 12A:9-305 - Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in investment property.
Section 12A:9-306 - Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in letter-of-credit rights.
Section 12A:9-307 - Location of debtor.
Section 12A:9-308 - When security interest or agricultural lien is perfected; continuity of perfection.
Section 12A:9-309 - Security interest perfected upon attachment.
Section 12A:9-310 - When filing required to perfect security interest or agricultural lien; security interests and agricultural liens to which filing provisions do not apply.
Section 12A:9-311 - Perfection of security interests in property subject to certain statutes, regulations, and treaties.
Section 12A:9-312 - Perfection of security interests in chattel paper, deposit accounts, documents, goods covered by documents, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, and money; perfection by permissive filing; temporary perfection without fili
Section 12A:9-313 - When possession by or delivery to secured party perfects security interest without filing.
Section 12A:9-314 - Perfection by control.
Section 12A:9-315 - Secured party's rights on disposition of collateral and in proceeds.
Section 12A:9-316 - Effect of change in governing law.
Section 12A:9-317 - Interests that take priority over or take free of security interest or agricultural lien.
Section 12A:9-318 - No Interest retained in right to payment that is sold; rights and title of seller of account or chattel paper with respect to creditors and purchasers.
Section 12A:9-319 - Rights and title of consignee with respect to creditors and purchasers.
Section 12A:9-320 - Buyer of goods.
Section 12A:9-321 - Licensee of general intangible and lessee of goods in ordinary course of business.
Section 12A:9-322 - Priorities among conflicting security interests in and agricultural liens on same collateral.
Section 12A:9-323 - Future advances.
Section 12A:9-324 - Priority of purchase-money security interests.
Section 12A:9-325 - Priority of security interests in transferred collateral.
Section 12A:9-326 - Priority of security interests created by new debtor.
Section 12A:9-327 - Priority of security interests in deposit account.
Section 12A:9-328 - Priority of security interests in investment property.
Section 12A:9-329 - Priority of security interests in letter-of-credit right.
Section 12A:9-330 - Priority of purchaser of chattel paper or instrument.
Section 12A:9-331 - Priority of rights of purchasers of instruments, documents, and securities under other chapters; priority of interests in financial assets and security entitlements under chapter 8.
Section 12A:9-332 - Transfer of money; transfer of funds from deposit account.
Section 12A:9-333 - Priority of certain liens arising by operation of law.
Section 12A:9-334 - Priority of security interests in fixtures and crops.
Section 12A:9-335 - Accessions.
Section 12A:9-336 - Commingled goods.
Section 12A:9-337 - Priority of security interests in goods covered by certificate of title.
Section 12A:9-338 - Priority of security interest or agricultural lien perfected by filed financing statement providing certain incorrect information.
Section 12A:9-339 - Priority subject to subordination
Section 12A:9-340 - Effectiveness of right of recoupment or set-off against deposit account.
Section 12A:9-341 - Bank's Rights and Duties with Respect to Deposit Account.
Section 12A:9-342 - Bank's right to refuse to enter into or disclose existence of control agreement.
Section 12A:9-401 - Alienability of debtor's rights.
Section 12A:9-402 - Secured party not obligated on contract of debtor or in tort
Section 12A:9-403 - Agreement not to assert defenses against assignee.
Section 12A:9-404 - Rights acquired by assignee; claims and defenses against assignee.
Section 12A:9-405 - Modification of assigned contract.
Section 12A:9-406 - Discharge of account debtor; notification of assignment; identification and proof of assignment; restrictions on assignment of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, and promissory notes ineffective.
Section 12A:9-407 - Restrictions on creation or enforcement of security interest in leasehold interest or in lessor's residual interest.
Section 12A:9-408 - Restrictions on assignment of promissory notes, health-care-insurance receivables, and certain general intangibles ineffective.
Section 12A:9-409 - Restrictions on assignment of letter-of-credit rights ineffective.
Section 12A:9-501 - Filing office.
Section 12A:9-502 - Contents of financing statement; record of mortgage as financing statement; time of filing financing statement.
Section 12A:9-503 - Name of debtor and secured party.
Section 12A:9-504 - Indication of collateral.
Section 12A:9-505 - Filing and compliance with other statutes and treaties for consignments, leases, other bailments, and other transactions.
Section 12A:9-506 - Effect of errors or omissions.
Section 12A:9-507 - Effect of certain events on effectiveness of financing statement.
Section 12A:9-508 - Effectiveness of financing statement if new debtor becomes bound by security agreement.
Section 12A:9-509 - Persons entitled to file record.
Section 12A:9-510 - Effectiveness of filed record.
Section 12A:9-511 - Secured party of record.
Section 12A:9-512 - Amendment of financing statement.
Section 12A:9-513 - Termination statement.
Section 12A:9-514 - Assignment of powers of secured party of record.
Section 12A:9-515 - Duration and Effectiveness of Financing Statement; Effect of Lapsed Financing Statement.
Section 12A:9-516 - What constitutes filing; effectiveness of filing.
Section 12A:9-517 - Effect of indexing errors
Section 12A:9-518 - Claim concerning inaccurate or wrongfully filed record.
Section 12A:9-519 - Numbering, maintaining, and indexing records; communicating information provided in records.
Section 12A:9-520 - Acceptance and refusal to accept record.
Section 12A:9-521 - Uniform form of written financing statement and amendment.
Section 12A:9-522 - Maintenance and destruction of records.
Section 12A:9-523 - Information from filing office; sale or license of records.
Section 12A:9-524 - Delay by filing office.
Section 12A:9-525 - Fees.
Section 12A:9-526 - Filing-office rules.
Section 12A:9-601 - Rights after default; judicial enforcement; consignor or buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes.
Section 12A:9-602 - Waiver and variance of rights and duties.
Section 12A:9-603 - Agreement on standards concerning rights and duties.
Section 12A:9-604 - Procedure if security agreement covers real property or fixtures.
Section 12A:9-605 - Unknown debtor or secondary obligor.
Section 12A:9-606 - Time of default for agricultural lien
Section 12A:9-607 - Collection and enforcement by secured party.
Section 12A:9-608 - Application of proceeds of collection or enforcement; liability for deficiency and right to surplus.
Section 12A:9-609 - Secured party's right to take possession after default.
Section 12A:9-610 - Disposition of collateral after default.
Section 12A:9-611 - Notification before disposition of collateral.
Section 12A:9-612 - Timeliness of notification before disposition of collateral.
Section 12A:9-613 - Contents and form of notification before disposition of collateral: general.
Section 12A:9-614 - Contents and form of notification before disposition of collateral: consumer-goods transaction.
Section 12A:9-615 - Application of proceeds of disposition; liability for deficiency and right to surplus.
Section 12A:9-616 - Explanation of calculation of surplus or deficiency.
Section 12A:9-617 - Rights of transferee of collateral.
Section 12A:9-618 - Rights and duties of certain secondary obligors.
Section 12A:9-619 - Transfer of record or legal title.
Section 12A:9-620 - Acceptance of collateral in full or partial satisfaction of obligation; compulsory disposition of collateral.
Section 12A:9-621 - Notification of proposal to accept collateral.
Section 12A:9-622 - Effect of acceptance of collateral.
Section 12A:9-623 - Right to redeem collateral.
Section 12A:9-624 - Waiver.
Section 12A:9-625 - Remedies for secured party's failure to comply with chapter.
Section 12A:9-626 - Action in which deficiency or surplus is in issue.
Section 12A:9-627 - Determination of whether conduct was commercially reasonable.
Section 12A:9-628 - Nonliability and limitation on liability of secured party; liability of secondary obligor.
Section 12A:9-701 - Effective date.
Section 12A:9-702 - Savings clause.
Section 12A:9-703 - Security interest perfected before effective date.
Section 12A:9-704 - Security interest unperfected before effective date.
Section 12A:9-705 - Effectiveness of action taken before effective date.
Section 12A:9-706 - When initial financing statement suffices to continue effectiveness of financing statement.
Section 12A:9-707 - Amendment of pre-effective-date financing statement.
Section 12A:9-708 - Persons entitled to file initial financing statement or continuation statement.
Section 12A:9-709 - Priority.
Section 12A:9-710 - Retroactivity provision.
Section 12A:9-801 - Effective date.
Section 12A:9-802 - Savings clause.
Section 12A:9-803 - Security interest perfected before effective date.
Section 12A:9-804 - Security interest unperfected before effective date.
Section 12A:9-805 - Effectiveness of action taken before effective date.
Section 12A:9-806 - When initial financing statement suffices to continue effectiveness of financing statement.
Section 12A:9-807 - Amendment of pre-effective-date financing statement.
Section 12A:9-808 - Person entitled to file initial financing statement or continuation statement.
Section 12A:9-809 - Priority.
Section 12A:10-102 - Construction
Section 12A:10-103 - Common law rights etc. not revived
Section 12A:10-106 - Effective date
Section 12A:12-1 - Short title
Section 12A:12-2 - Definitions relative to electronic transactions.
Section 12A:12-3 - Applicability of act to electronic records, signatures; exceptions
Section 12A:12-4 - Act applies on or after June 26, 2001
Section 12A:12-5 - Electronic record, signature not required
Section 12A:12-6 - Construction of act
Section 12A:12-7 - Legal effect and enforceability
Section 12A:12-8 - Use, retention, content, format of electronic records
Section 12A:12-9 - Attribution, effect of electronic records, signatures
Section 12A:12-10 - Rules applicable to changes, errors in electronic records
Section 12A:12-11 - Notarized signatures or records
Section 12A:12-12 - Retention of electronic records
Section 12A:12-13 - Admissibility of electronic records, signatures
Section 12A:12-14 - Rules applicable to automated transactions
Section 12A:12-15 - Conditions under which electronic record is sent, received
Section 12A:12-16 - Control of transferable records
Section 12A:12-17 - Governmental agency creation, retention, conversion of electronic records
Section 12A:12-18 - Use of electronic records, signatures by governmental agencies; specifications
Section 12A:12-19 - Adoption of standards for governmental agencies
Section 12A:12-20 - Severability
Section 12A:12-21 - Use of electronic record to satisfy consumer information in writing, conditions
Section 12A:12-22 - Findings, declaration concerning "federal E-sign"
Section 12A:12-23 - Capability of electronic records retention by recipients
Section 12A:12-24 - Accessibility of records of information
Section 12A:12-25 - The New Jersey Center for Electronic Transactions and Informational Privacy, established
Section 12A:12-26 - "Statute, regulation or other rule of law" defined