Most states have a specific statute (often called defrauding an innkeeper) that makes it a criminal offense to obtain food, lodging, fuel, or other accommodations at a restaurant, hotel, ski resort, campground, marina, gas station, or other establishment, with the intent not to pay for such goods and services—or to secure credit at such an establishment through fraud or other means of deceit (false pretenses). Proof that a person refused or neglected to pay for such food, lodging, fuel, or accommodations, or gave payment that was not honored (declined credit card, bad check) is generally proof of such fraudulent intent not to pay for the goods or services.

The definitions and punishment for this criminal offense vary from state to state, but generally may be prosecuted as a misdemeanor or as a felony, and may include confinement in jail or state prison. In some states, if the amount owed was disputed and the amount offered in payment was refused, a person cannot be convicted under the statute.

In Vermont, the act of defrauding an innkeeper is addressed under Vermont Statutes Title 13, Chapter 47, Section 2582. This statute makes it illegal for any person to obtain food, lodging, services, or other accommodations at any hotel, motel, inn, public restaurant, ski area, campground, or similar establishment with the intent not to pay for them. The law also covers situations where an individual obtains credit at such establishments through fraud or deceit. Evidence of refusal or neglect to pay, or providing a payment method that is not honored, such as a declined credit card or a bad check, can be considered proof of fraudulent intent. The severity of the offense in Vermont can range from a misdemeanor to a felony, depending on the value of the services or accommodations obtained. The penalties may include fines, restitution, and possible imprisonment. However, if there is a genuine dispute over the amount owed and a reasonable payment is offered and refused, this may serve as a defense against a charge under this statute.