Sexual assault is generally forced sexual intercourse, sodomy, or other sexual penetration of another person—against the person’s will and without the person’s consent. And although precise definitions and punishments vary from state to state, the criminal offense of aggravated sexual assault of a child includes the aggravating circumstance of the victim being a child under a certain age, as defined by the statute—which increases the severity of the crime.

In Vermont, sexual assault is defined under Vermont Statutes Title 13, Chapter 72, where it is considered a felony. The law defines sexual assault as engaging in a sexual act with another person without the consent of that person, or when the person is incapable of giving consent due to age, mental disability, or incapacitation. The term 'sexual act' may include sexual intercourse, sodomy, or other sexual penetration. Aggravated sexual assault is a more severe form of sexual assault and includes circumstances such as when the victim is under the age of 16, the offender causes bodily injury to the victim, or if the offender is in a position of authority over the victim. The penalties for sexual assault can include imprisonment, fines, and mandatory registration as a sex offender. The specific punishment varies depending on the nature of the offense and the age of the victim. Aggravated sexual assault of a child under certain ages, typically under 16 in Vermont, is treated with particular severity due to the vulnerability of children and the long-term impact such crimes can have on minors.