Evidence is anything that tends to prove or disprove a material or relevant fact alleged in a lawsuit or other legal proceeding. Witness testimony, documents, contracts, email messages, photographs, medical bills, video images, and voice recordings are common pieces of evidence.
In Kentucky, evidence is governed by the Kentucky Rules of Evidence (KRE), which are similar to the Federal Rules of Evidence. These rules determine what evidence is admissible in court to prove or disprove facts at issue in a legal proceeding. Evidence can be direct or circumstantial and includes witness testimony, documents, contracts, email messages, photographs, medical bills, video footage, and voice recordings. The admissibility of evidence is subject to various criteria, such as relevance (KRE 401), materiality, and reliability. Evidence must be relevant to the facts of the case and not overly prejudicial (KRE 403). Hearsay, or statements made outside of the court, is generally inadmissible unless it falls under one of the many exceptions (KRE 802). The Kentucky rules also address the authentication of evidence (KRE 901), expert testimony (KRE 702), and the preservation of privilege (KRE 501). The goal of these rules is to ensure that the evidence presented is fair and contributes to the fact-finding process of the court.