All states have laws that prohibit drivers from making an illegal or improper turn. Common examples of illegal or improper turns are:

• U-turns (when there is a No U-Turn sign)

• Making a right or left turn without first moving to the far right or left lane

• Making a right or left turn when there is a sign at the intersection that prohibits such turns (No Right Turn).

The penalty for making an illegal or improper turn usually includes a fine and points on your driver’s license.

As with many traffic violations, the officer issuing the citation and the prosecutor have significant discretion in determining whether there was a violation of a traffic law and whether the violation constitutes a certain offense, as defined by the state legislature in the traffic code or in a municipal ordinance.

This discretion to issue a ticket or citation and prosecute the charge against the driver is balanced by the discretion of the jury or judge in determining whether the prosecution met its burden of proof sufficient to convict the driver (for a criminal offense) or find the driver responsible (for a civil infraction, violation, or offense).

In Montana, as in all states, there are specific laws that govern the legality of vehicle turns. Illegal or improper turns include executing a U-turn where it is prohibited by signage, turning without moving to the appropriate lane (far right for right turns, far left for left turns), and making turns where signage indicates they are not allowed (e.g., No Right Turn). Violating these laws typically results in a fine and may also lead to points being added to the driver's license. Law enforcement officers have the discretion to issue citations for these violations, and prosecutors have the discretion to pursue charges. However, if the case goes to court, it is up to the judge or jury to determine if the prosecution has met the burden of proof to convict the driver of a criminal offense or find them responsible for a civil infraction. The specific penalties and processes can vary depending on the local jurisdiction within Montana and the circumstances of the violation.