Title insurance insures, defends, indemnifies, and protects the policyholder against claims or losses arising from a defect or claim against the title to real property. Title insurance is usually issued to the buyer of real property by the title company that conducted the title search.
In Washington State, title insurance is a form of indemnity insurance that protects the policyholder from financial loss due to defects in the title to real property. When a property is bought or refinanced, a title insurance policy is typically issued after a title company has conducted a thorough search of public records to verify the seller's right to transfer ownership and to discover any claims, liens, encumbrances, or title defects. Title insurance policies cover the insured for as long as they have an interest in the covered property. There are two types of title insurance policies: an owner's policy, which protects the buyer, and a lender's policy, which protects the lender. In Washington, the insurance commissioner regulates the title insurance industry, and title insurers must comply with state statutes and regulations, including those related to licensing, rates, and the conduct of business.