Responsibility for maintenance and repair of streets, sidewalks, and alleyways is a question that often arises when they fall into disrepair. Municipal codes and ordinances governing these obligations vary greatly—usually placing responsibility for streets and alleyways on the municipality and responsibility for maintenance of sidewalks on the adjacent property owner—whether an individual, a business, or a homeowners’ association.

But sometimes municipal codes or ordinances place responsibility for maintenance of all of these driveways and walkways on the municipality.

A property owner’s failure to maintain or repair a sidewalk, for example, as required by municipal code, may result in the city issuing a citation for a code violation, with a fine.

In Virginia, the responsibility for the maintenance and repair of streets, sidewalks, and alleyways is typically delineated by local municipal codes and ordinances. Generally, the maintenance of streets and alleyways is the responsibility of the municipality. However, when it comes to sidewalks, the adjacent property owner—be it an individual, business, or homeowners' association—is often responsible for their upkeep. This can include tasks such as snow removal, repair of cracks or uneven surfaces, and general maintenance. If a property owner neglects these duties as outlined by the local ordinances, the municipality may issue a citation for a code violation, which could result in a fine. It is important for property owners to be aware of and understand their local ordinances to ensure compliance and avoid potential penalties.