Private roads are roads or driveways on private property. Because private roads are located on private property, persons other than the landowner generally do not have a right to drive on, walk on, or otherwise access the roads—unless they have a form of express or implied permission as provided by state law, such as a license or an easement to use or access the private road.
Persons who use or access a private road without the legally required permission may be subject to civil and criminal penalties for trespassing.
In Arkansas, private roads are considered the property of the landowner, and access to these roads is typically restricted to the owner and those who have been granted permission. Permission can be explicit, such as through a license or an easement agreement, or it can be implied under certain circumstances. Easements may be established for various reasons, including necessity, where no other access to a property exists, or by prescription, through long-term continuous use under certain conditions. Without such permission, any unauthorized use of a private road can be considered trespassing, which is subject to civil and criminal penalties under Arkansas law. Trespassing can lead to legal action by the landowner, and penalties can include fines and potentially even jail time, depending on the severity of the offense.