A condemned property or building is one that a municipality (city or town) has closed, seized, or placed restrictions on because it is determined to be unsafe, unsanitary, or otherwise a risk to public health and safety.
The circumstances under which municipalities may condemn properties are usually described in local or municipal ordinances.
In Virginia, the condemnation of property or buildings is governed by state law as well as local municipal ordinances. Municipalities have the authority to condemn properties that are deemed unsafe, unsanitary, or pose a risk to public health and safety. This is typically enforced through the local building code enforcement agency. The Virginia Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC) sets forth the minimum standards for building safety and maintenance, and local governments may adopt additional regulations to address specific concerns within their jurisdictions. When a property is condemned, the municipality may require the owner to repair or demolish the building. If the owner fails to comply, the municipality may perform the necessary work and charge the costs to the property owner. Condemnation proceedings are subject to due process, which means property owners must be given notice of the violation and an opportunity to correct it or to challenge the condemnation decision through an appeals process.