Vandalism is generally the damage, destruction, defacing, or alteration of tangible public or private property, done with criminal intent (intentionally or knowingly). Vandalism charges often arise from (1) damage to a home or dwelling; (2) damage to a place of business; (3) damage to a motor vehicle; (4) damage to a school; (5) defacement or destruction of public or private property (graffiti, etc.); or (6) tampering with public water, gas, power, or communications.

Vandalism is sometimes classified as criminal mischief or reckless damage or destruction of property under state laws. These laws vary from state to state and are generally located in a state’s statutes—usually in the penal or criminal code.

In Maine, vandalism is typically referred to as 'criminal mischief' and is covered under Title 17-A, Chapter 39 of the Maine Criminal Code. Criminal mischief in Maine involves the intentional or knowing damage, destruction, defacement, or alteration of someone else's property. The severity of the charges can range from a Class D misdemeanor for minor damage to a Class C felony for more significant damage, especially if the vandalism creates a substantial risk of harm to others. Specific acts of vandalism, such as graffiti, may also be subject to additional fines and penalties. When the vandalism involves tampering with public utilities or communications, it can lead to more serious charges due to the potential impact on public safety and services. The exact penalties and charges can vary based on the extent of the damage and whether the act was committed intentionally or recklessly.