Vandalism is generally the damage, destruction, defacing, or alteration of tangible public or private property, done with criminal intent (intentionally or knowingly). Vandalism charges often arise from (1) damage to a home or dwelling; (2) damage to a place of business; (3) damage to a motor vehicle; (4) damage to a school; (5) defacement or destruction of public or private property (graffiti, etc.); or (6) tampering with public water, gas, power, or communications.

Vandalism is sometimes classified as criminal mischief or reckless damage or destruction of property under state laws. These laws vary from state to state and are generally located in a state’s statutes—usually in the penal or criminal code.

In Indiana, vandalism is typically referred to as criminal mischief under Indiana Code Title 35. Criminal mischief includes knowingly or intentionally damaging someone else's property without their consent. This can encompass a range of activities such as graffiti, tampering with property, or defacing public or private property. The severity of the charges can vary based on the extent of the damage and the type of property affected. For example, vandalism involving a dwelling, place of business, school, or motor vehicle may result in more serious charges. Additionally, tampering with utilities like water, gas, power, or communications systems can lead to severe penalties due to the potential for widespread harm. Penalties for criminal mischief in Indiana can range from a Class B misdemeanor for less serious offenses to a Level 6 felony for more significant damage, especially if it causes a substantial interruption or impairment of public communication, transportation, supply of water, gas or power, or other public services.