In many states it is a criminal offense to intentionally or recklessly transmit a sexually transmitted disease (STD or venereal disease) to another person. Examples of such diseases include HIV/AIDS, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), genital warts, and hepatitis B.

Laws vary from state to state, and in some states these laws include other infectious or communicable diseases. In some states there is a specific criminal offense for transmission of sexually transmitted or communicable diseases, and in other states criminal prosecutors charge the defendant with a more general crime like assault.

Laws regarding criminal liability for the intentional or reckless transmission of sexual or other infectious or communicable diseases are generally located in a state’s statutes—often in the penal or criminal code, or the health and safety code.

A person who negligently transmits a sexually transmitted disease to another person through sexual contact—without informing the other person of the offender’s infection before the sexual contact—may also be subject to civil liability for money damages in a lawsuit.

In Georgia, it is indeed a criminal offense to knowingly transmit an STD to another person. Under Georgia law, specifically O.C.G.A. § 16-5-60, it is illegal for a person who is aware that they are HIV positive to engage in certain behaviors that could transmit the virus without disclosing their status to potential partners. This includes sexual intercourse, sharing needles, or donating blood, organs, or other bodily fluids. Additionally, Georgia law, under O.C.G.A. § 31-22-9, requires individuals with a notifiable STD to seek treatment and follow measures to prevent the spread of the disease. While the laws are more specific regarding HIV, they also apply to other STDs. Failure to adhere to these laws can result in criminal prosecution, which may lead to penalties such as imprisonment, fines, or both. Furthermore, individuals who negligently transmit an STD may also face civil lawsuits for damages, where the infected party may seek monetary compensation for the harm caused.