Under federal law (applicable in all states) it is illegal for a person to knowingly or intentionally possess a controlled substance, unless the substance was obtained through a valid prescription or order from a practitioner, while acting in the course of the practitioner’s professional practice. See 21 U.S.C. §844.

The term controlled substance means a drug or other substance—or an immediate precursor to the drug or other substance—that is included in schedule I, II, III, IV, or V of the relevant portion of the United States Code (statute). See 21 U.S.C. §841.

The term practitioner means a physician, dentist, veterinarian, scientific investigator, pharmacy, hospital, or other person licensed, registered, or otherwise permitted by the United States or the jurisdiction (state) in which he practices or does research to distribute, dispense, conduct related research, administer, or use in teaching or chemical analysis a controlled substance in the course of such professional practice or research. 21 U.S.C. §802(21).

As under federal law, state laws usually classify substances in groups or schedules that determine which substances are included in the definition of controlled substances, and the potential penalties or punishments for possessing them without legal authorization. Criminal charges and penalties for these offenses vary from state to state and are usually located in a state’s statutes—often in the penal or criminal code. Illegal possession of controlled substances may also be prosecuted under federal law. See 21 U.S.C. §844.

Under both federal and Indiana state law, it is illegal to possess a controlled substance without a valid prescription or order from a licensed practitioner. Controlled substances are classified into schedules I through V, with Schedule I substances being considered the most dangerous and having no accepted medical use, and Schedule V substances being the least restricted. In Indiana, the penalties for possession of a controlled substance vary depending on the schedule of the drug and the amount in possession. Possession of a controlled substance can lead to criminal charges, with potential penalties including fines, imprisonment, or both. The specific statutes governing controlled substances in Indiana can be found in the Indiana Code, which outlines the state's drug laws and penalties. It is important to note that federal law also applies, and individuals can be prosecuted under 21 U.S.C. § 844 for illegal possession of controlled substances. Therefore, both state and federal laws should be considered when addressing issues related to the possession of controlled substances.