A cock is the male of any type of domestic fowl, and cockfighting is a blood sport in which two (or more) cocks are placed in a ring or confined area and encouraged to attack or fight each other. Cockfighting is illegal in all 50 states and the District of Columbia—but remains legal in Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

Although cockfighting is illegal in all states, the potential punishment for the crime varies from state to state. In thirteen states, a first offense charge of cockfighting is a misdemeanor—including Alabama, California, Hawaii, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Ohio, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, and West Virginia. But in California, Louisiana, and New Mexico, second, third, and subsequent offenses may be prosecuted as felonies.

And some states also prohibit possession of cockfighting tools (implements) such as a gaff or slasher; ownership and training of cocks for the purpose of cockfighting; and attending cockfighting events.
Cockfighting laws are generally located in a state’s statutes—and usually in the state’s penal or criminal code.

In Iowa, cockfighting is illegal and considered a serious offense. Under Iowa Code Section 717D, cockfighting, along with other forms of animal fighting, is prohibited. The law specifically criminalizes not only engaging in animal fighting but also owning, possessing, keeping, or training any animal for the purpose of animal fighting. Additionally, it is illegal to possess any paraphernalia known to be used in training and conducting animal fights. Being present at an event where animal fighting is occurring is also against the law. The penalties for these offenses can range from misdemeanors to felonies, with potential fines and imprisonment, depending on the severity of the involvement and whether it is a repeat offense. Iowa's stance reflects a broader national consensus against animal fighting practices.