Carjacking is a type of robbery in which the criminal uses force or the threat of force to take possession and control of an automobile—usually when the victim is inside or near the automobile. Carjacking laws vary from state to state, and are usually located in a state’s penal code. Carjacking is also a federal crime when the stolen vehicle is transported, shipped, or received in interstate or foreign commerce (generally, transported across state lines).
In Utah, carjacking is considered a serious offense and is addressed under the state's robbery statutes. Specifically, Utah Code § 76-6-301 defines robbery as unlawfully taking personal property in the possession of another from his person, or immediate presence, against his will, by means of force or fear. This definition encompasses carjacking, as it involves the forceful taking of a vehicle from the victim. The penalties for robbery, which would apply to carjacking, can include second-degree felony charges, with potential enhancements if a dangerous weapon is used or if there are prior convictions. Additionally, under federal law, carjacking becomes a federal crime if the stolen vehicle is transported across state lines, which falls under the jurisdiction of federal agencies and can lead to federal charges with severe penalties, including imprisonment and fines.