Carjacking is a type of robbery in which the criminal uses force or the threat of force to take possession and control of an automobile—usually when the victim is inside or near the automobile. Carjacking laws vary from state to state, and are usually located in a state’s penal code. Carjacking is also a federal crime when the stolen vehicle is transported, shipped, or received in interstate or foreign commerce (generally, transported across state lines).
In North Carolina, carjacking is considered a serious crime and is addressed under the state's robbery statutes. Specifically, it falls under the category of common law robbery or armed robbery, depending on whether a weapon is used. Common law robbery is taking property from another person by force or threat of force, and it is a Class G felony. Armed robbery, which involves the use of a firearm or other dangerous weapon, is a more severe Class D felony. Additionally, if the carjacking incident results in the stolen vehicle being transported across state lines, it can also be prosecuted as a federal crime under the Hobbs Act or other federal statutes that address motor vehicle theft and interstate transportation of stolen property. The federal penalties for carjacking can include imprisonment and fines, and they are typically more severe if the crime involves serious bodily injury or death.