An alibi is a form of evidence used to defend against a criminal charge by demonstrating that the accused was somewhere other than the scene of the crime when the crime was committed.
In New Mexico, as in other jurisdictions, an alibi is indeed a defense strategy used in criminal proceedings. An alibi defense involves presenting evidence that the accused was in a different location at the time the crime was committed, making it impossible or unlikely for them to be the perpetrator. The defendant can introduce testimony from witnesses, receipts, videos, electronic records, or any other documentation that can establish their presence elsewhere. Under New Mexico Rule of Criminal Procedure 5-505, the defendant is required to notify the court and the prosecutor of their intention to present an alibi defense. This notice must include specific information about the place where the defendant claims to have been at the time of the alleged offense, as well as the names and addresses of the witnesses they intend to call to support the alibi. The prosecution is then allowed to investigate the alibi and, if necessary, present evidence to refute it during the trial. Failure to provide notice of an alibi may result in the evidence being excluded, unless the court determines that the lack of notice did not prejudice the prosecution's ability to prepare their case.