Most states have titling and registration laws that require residents to title and register their cars in the state—and for new residents of the state to do so within some period of time, such as 30 days. Some states require titled cars to pass a comprehensive safety inspection. And some states also require cars owned by residents of certain counties to pass an emissions test/inspection designed to improve air quality in more densely populated counties.
In Ohio, residents are required to title and register their vehicles with the Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles (BMV). New residents must title and register their vehicles within 30 days of establishing residency. Ohio does not have a statewide vehicle safety inspection program, so vehicles are not required to pass a comprehensive safety inspection for registration purposes. However, Ohio does have an E-Check program, which is an emissions testing program for vehicles. This program is mandatory in seven counties (Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, Medina, Portage, and Summit) that are part of the Cleveland/Akron metro area. Residents in these counties must pass the emissions test every other year in order to renew their vehicle registration. The E-Check program is designed to help improve air quality by ensuring that vehicles meet emissions standards.