Notwithstanding any other provision of law, during the period beginning October 1, 1986, and ending September 30, 2023, the Secretary shall develop and implement a research project program for the development of supplemental and alternative crops (including canola), using such funds as are appropriated to the Secretary each fiscal year under this chapter.

The development of supplemental and alternative crops for agronomic rotational purposes and as a habitat for honey bees and other pollinators is of critical importance to producers of agricultural commodities.

The program developed and implemented by the Secretary shall include—

(1) The Secretary shall make competitive grants to further the purposes of this section in the implementation of a comprehensive and integrated program.

The program developed and implemented by the Secretary shall include—

(A) an examination of the adaptation of supplemental and alternative crops;

(B) the establishment and extension of various methods of planting, cultivating, harvesting, and processing supplemental and alternative crops;

(C) the transfer of such applied research to on-farm practice as soon as practicable;

(D) the establishment through grants, cooperative agreements, or other means of such processing, storage, and transportation facilities for supplemental and alternative crops as the Secretary determines will facilitate the achievement of a successful program; and

(E) the application of such other resources and expertise as the Secretary considers appropriate to support the program.

The program may include, but shall not be limited to, agreements, grants, and other arrangements—

(A) to conduct comprehensive resource and infrastructure assessments;

(B) to develop and introduce supplemental and alternative income-producing crops;

(C) to develop and expand domestic and export markets for such crops;

(D) to provide technical assistance to farm owners and operators, marketing cooperatives, and others;

(E) to conduct fundamental and applied research related to the development of new commercial products derived from natural plant material (including hemp (as defined in section 1639o of this title)) for industrial, medical, and agricultural applications; and

(F) to participate with colleges and universities, other Federal agencies, and private sector entities in conducting research described in subparagraph (E).

The Secretary shall use the expertise and resources of the Agricultural Research Service, the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and the land-grant colleges and universities for the purpose of carrying out this section.

There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section—

(1) such sums as are necessary for fiscal year 2013;

(2) $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2018; and

(3) $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.

(Pub. L. 95–113, title XIV, § 1473D, as added Pub. L. 99–198, title XIV, § 1428, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1554; amended Pub. L. 101–624, title XVI, § 1601(b)(5), Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3703; Pub. L. 104–127, title VIII, § 819, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1167; Pub. L. 105–185, title III, § 301(a)(14), title VI, § 606(a), June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 562, 603; Pub. L. 107–171, title VII, § 7115, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 433; Pub. L. 110–234, title VII, §§ 7136, 7511(c)(13), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1228, 1268; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title VII, §§ 7136, 7511(c)(13), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1990, 2030; Pub. L. 113–79, title VII, § 7122, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 876; Pub. L. 115–334, title VII, § 7129, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4795.)