Officers in the following categories are not subject to this chapter (other than section 640 and, in the case of warrant officers, section 628):

Reserve officers—

(A) on active duty authorized under section 115(a)(1)(B) or 115(b)(1) of this title, or excluded from counting for active duty end strengths under section 115(i) of this title;

(B) on active duty under section 7038, 8083, 8084, 9038, 10211, 10301 through 10305, 10502, 10505, 10506(a), 10506(b), 10507, or 12402 of this title or section 708 of title 32; or

(C) on full-time National Guard duty.

(2) The director of admissions, dean, and permanent professors at the United States Military Academy, the registrar, dean, and permanent professors at the United States Air Force Academy, and permanent professors of the Navy (as defined in regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Navy).

(3) Warrant officers.

(4) Retired officers on active duty.

(5) Students at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences.

(Added Pub. L. 96–513, title I, § 105, Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 2866; amended Pub. L. 98–525, title IV, § 414(a)(5), title V, § 527(b), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2519, 2525; Pub. L. 99–433, title V, § 531(a)(2), Oct. 1, 1986, 100 Stat. 1063; Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1671(c)(5), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 3014; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, § 1501(c)(6), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 498; Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title XII, § 1212(e), Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2694; Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title V, § 521], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–108; Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title V, § 511(a), Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1092; Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title IV, § 416(j), title V, § 501(d), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1869, 1874; Pub. L. 109–364, div. A, title VI, § 621(c), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2255; Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title V, § 508(b), Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 97; Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title VI, § 618(b), Dec. 12, 2017, 131 Stat. 1426; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 809(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1840.)