The crime of assault varies from state to state (and under federal law), but is generally defined as intentionally putting another person in reasonable apprehension or fear of an imminent (immediate) harmful or offensive contact. The crime of assault may be committed even if there is no physical contact, as the criminal physical contact constitutes the separate crime of battery.
In Ohio, assault is codified under Ohio Revised Code Section 2903.13 and is generally defined as knowingly causing or attempting to cause physical harm to another or to another's unborn. It can also be committed by recklessly causing serious physical harm to another or to another's unborn. Ohio law does not require physical contact for an assault charge; the attempt or threat with the apparent present ability to cause harm can suffice. The state differentiates between simple assault, which is usually a misdemeanor of the first degree, and aggravated assault, which is a felony and involves causing serious physical harm to another person or to another's unborn under circumstances where the harm was caused during a sudden fit of rage brought on by a serious provocation. The specific circumstances of the incident, such as the use of a weapon or the extent of the victim's injuries, can lead to more severe charges and penalties.
