§ 3105. Criteria and standards

(a) A profession or occupation shall be regulated by the State only when:

(1) it can be demonstrated that the unregulated practice of the profession or occupation can clearly harm or endanger the health, safety, or welfare of the public, and the potential for the harm is recognizable and not remote or speculative;

(2) the public can reasonably be expected to benefit from an assurance of initial and continuing professional ability; and

(3) the public cannot be effectively protected by other means.

(b) After evaluating the criteria in subsection (a) of this section and considering governmental and societal costs and benefits, if the General Assembly finds that it is necessary to regulate a profession or occupation, the least restrictive method of regulation shall be imposed, consistent with the public interest and this section:

(1) if existing common law and statutory civil remedies and criminal sanctions are insufficient to reduce or eliminate existing harm, regulation should occur through enactment of stronger civil remedies and criminal sanctions;

(2) if a professional or occupational service involves a threat to the public and the service is performed primarily through business entities or facilities that are not regulated, the business entity or the facility should be regulated rather than its employee practitioners;

(3) if the threat to the public health, safety, or welfare, including economic welfare, is relatively small, regulation should be through a system of registration;

(4) if the consumer may have a substantial interest in relying on the qualifications of the practitioner, regulation should be through a system of certification; or

(5) if it is apparent that the public cannot be adequately protected by any other means, a system of licensure should be imposed.

(c) Any of the issues set forth in subsections (a) and (b) of this section and section 3107 of this chapter may be considered in terms of their application to professions or occupations generally.

(d) Prior to review under this chapter and consideration by the General Assembly of any bill to regulate a profession or occupation and upon the request of the House or Senate Committee on Government Operations, the Office shall make, in writing, a preliminary assessment of whether any particular request for regulation meets the criteria set forth in subsection (a) of this section. The Office shall report its preliminary assessment to the appropriate House or Senate Committee on Government Operations.

(e) After the review of a proposal to regulate a profession, the Office may decline to conduct an analysis and evaluation of the proposed regulation if it finds that:

(1) the proposed regulatory scheme appears to regulate fewer than 250 individuals; and

(2) the Office previously conducted an analysis and evaluation of the proposed regulation of the same profession or occupation, and no new information has been submitted that would cause the Office to alter or modify the recommendations made in its earlier report on that proposed regulation. (Added 1977, No. 183 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; amended 1985, No. 96, § 4; 1985, No. 255 (Adj. Sess.), § 5; amended 1997, No. 145 (Adj. Sess.), § 16; 2009, No. 35, § 39; 2013, No. 142 (Adj. Sess.), § 42; 2015, No. 131 (Adj. Sess.), § 29; 2015, No. 156 (Adj. Sess.), § 1.)