(1) By allegation in an information, indictment, or other charge; or
(2) By proof, unless: (a) The defense is in issue in the case as a result of evidence presented at trial, either by the prosecution or the defense; or (b) The defense is an affirmative defense, and the defendant has presented evidence of such affirmative defense.
(a) The defense is in issue in the case as a result of evidence presented at trial, either by the prosecution or the defense; or
(b) The defense is an affirmative defense, and the defendant has presented evidence of such affirmative defense.