(1) (a) Except as provided in Subsection (1)(b) or Subsection 59-10-1003(2), "claimant" means a resident or nonresident person that has state taxable income. (b) "Claimant" does not include an estate or trust.

(a) Except as provided in Subsection (1)(b) or Subsection 59-10-1003(2), "claimant" means a resident or nonresident person that has state taxable income.

(b) "Claimant" does not include an estate or trust.

(2) Except as provided in Subsection 59-10-1003(2), "estate" means a nonresident estate or a resident estate that has state taxable income.

(3) "Nonrefundable tax credit" or "tax credit" means a tax credit that a claimant, estate, or trust may: (a) claim: (i) as provided by statute; and (ii) in an amount that does not exceed the claimant's, estate's, or trust's tax liability under this chapter for a taxable year; and (b) carry forward or carry back: (i) if allowed by statute; and (ii) to the extent that the amount of the tax credit exceeds the claimant's, estate's, or trust's tax liability under this chapter for a taxable year.

(a) claim: (i) as provided by statute; and (ii) in an amount that does not exceed the claimant's, estate's, or trust's tax liability under this chapter for a taxable year; and

(i) as provided by statute; and

(ii) in an amount that does not exceed the claimant's, estate's, or trust's tax liability under this chapter for a taxable year; and

(b) carry forward or carry back: (i) if allowed by statute; and (ii) to the extent that the amount of the tax credit exceeds the claimant's, estate's, or trust's tax liability under this chapter for a taxable year.

(i) if allowed by statute; and

(ii) to the extent that the amount of the tax credit exceeds the claimant's, estate's, or trust's tax liability under this chapter for a taxable year.

(4) Except as provided in Subsection 59-10-1003(2), "trust" means a nonresident trust or a resident trust that has state taxable income.