(a) A person offering to vote may be challenged only on the grounds that the person:
(1) Is not a registered voter in Tennessee and did not vote a provisional ballot;
(2) Is not a resident of the precinct where the person seeks to vote;
(3) Is not the registered voter under whose name the person has applied to vote;
(4) Has already voted in the election; or
(5) Has become ineligible to vote in the election being conducted at the polling place since the person registered.
(b) The judges may ask any question which is material to deciding the challenge and may put under oath and ask questions of such persons as they deem necessary to their decision. The judges shall ask the administrator of elections to check the original permanent registration records if the voter claims to be registered but has no duplicate permanent registration record.