14-113.32. Exceptions.

(a) The provisions of G.S. 14-113.31 shall not apply to any of the following:

(1) Any lawfully authorized investigative, protective, or intelligence activity of a law enforcement agency in connection with the official duties of the law enforcement agency.

(2) A disclosure by a telephone service provider if the telephone service provider reasonably believes the disclosure is necessary to: (i) provide telephone service to a customer, including sharing telephone records with one of the provider's affiliates or (ii) protect an individual or service provider from fraudulent, abusive, or unlawful use of telephone service or a telephone record.

(3) A disclosure by a telephone service provider to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.

(4) A disclosure by a telephone service provider that is authorized by State or federal law or regulation.

(5) A disclosure by a telephone service provider to a governmental entity if the provider reasonably believes there is an emergency involving immediate danger of death or serious physical injury.

(6) Testing of a telephone service provider's security procedures or systems for maintaining the confidentiality of customers' telephone records.

(b) Nothing in this Article shall be construed to expand the obligation or duty of a telephone service provider to maintain the confidentiality of telephone records beyond the requirements of this Article or federal law or regulation. Any telephone service provider or agent, employee, or representative of a telephone service provider who reasonably and in good faith discloses telephone records shall not be criminally or civilly liable if the disclosure is later determined to be in violation of this Article.