(b) any institution or organization designated and authorized by law to act as agent for the state, including Cornell University and Alfred University as representatives of the state university board of trustees for the administration of statutory or contract colleges at those institutions;
(c) any public corporation or institution the governing board of which consists of a majority of state officials serving ex-officio or has one or more members appointed by the governor; and
(d) certain membership corporations closely affiliated with specific state agencies and whose purposes are essentially to support, supplement or extend the functions and programs of such state agencies, specifically: Youth Research Inc., The Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc., Health Research Inc., The Research Foundation of the State University of New York, and Welfare Research Inc. 6. "Application" as used in this section means an application to any federal agency for federal funds or for participation in any federally-assisted program or any instrument as defined by the director of the budget which initiates action with any federal agency for such purpose, including but not limited to a contract, agreement, loan, letter of understanding, state plan, or annual budget submission to such agency.