(b) Except as provided in the operating agreement and in accordance with section four hundred nineteen of this article, the managers shall manage the limited liability company by the affirmative vote of a majority of the managers.
(c) Except as provided in the operating agreement, any action required or permitted to be taken by a vote of the managers or a class of managers may be taken without a vote if all of the managers or all of the managers in such class, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing is filed with the records of the limited liability company.
(d) Except as otherwise provided in the operating agreement, managers of a limited liability company may participate in a meeting by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other. Such participation shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.