(a)    Except as otherwise provided in subsections (c) and (d), this title applies to:

(1)    A transaction, regardless of its form, that creates a security interest in personal property or fixtures by contract;

(2)    An agricultural lien;

(3)    A sale of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes;

(4)    A consignment;

(5)    A security interest arising under § 2–401, § 2–505, § 2–711(3), or § 2A–508(5) of this article, as provided in § 9–110; and

(6)    A security interest arising under § 4–210 or § 5–118 of this article.

(b)    The application of this title to a security interest in a secured obligation is not affected by the fact that the obligation is itself secured by a transaction or interest to which this title does not apply.

(c)    This title does not apply to the extent that:

(1)    A statute, regulation, or treaty of the United States preempts this title;

(2)    Another statute of this State expressly governs the creation, perfection, priority, or enforcement of a security interest created by this State or a governmental unit of this State;

(3)    A statute of another state, a foreign country, or a governmental unit of another state or a foreign country, other than a statute generally applicable to security interests, expressly governs creation, perfection, priority, or enforcement of a security interest created by the state, country, or governmental unit; or

(4)    The rights of a transferee beneficiary or nominated person under a letter of credit are independent and superior under § 5–114 of this article.

(d)    This title does not apply to:

(1)    A landlord’s lien, other than an agricultural lien;

(2)    A lien, other than an agricultural lien, given by statute or other rule of law for services or materials, but § 9–333 applies with respect to priority of the lien;

(3)    An assignment of a claim for wages, salary, or other compensation of an employee;

(4)    A sale of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes as part of a sale of the business out of which they arose;

(5)    An assignment of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes which is for the purpose of collection only;

(6)    An assignment of a right to payment under a contract to an assignee that is also obligated to perform under the contract;

(7)    An assignment of a single account, payment intangible, or promissory note to an assignee in full or partial satisfaction of a preexisting indebtedness;

(8)    A transfer of an interest in or an assignment of a claim under a policy of insurance, other than an assignment by or to a health–care provider of a health–care–insurance receivable and any subsequent assignment of the right to payment, but §§ 9–315 and 9–322 apply with respect to proceeds and priorities in proceeds;

(9)    An assignment of a right represented by a judgment, other than a judgment taken on a right to payment that was collateral;

(10)    A right of recoupment or set–off, but:

(A)    § 9–340 applies with respect to the effectiveness of rights of recoupment or set–off against deposit accounts; and

(B)    § 9–404 applies with respect to defenses or claims of an account debtor;

(11)    The creation or transfer of an interest in or lien on real property, including a lease or rents thereunder, except to the extent that provision is made for:

(A)    Liens on real property in §§ 9–203 and 9–308;

(B)    Fixtures in § 9–334;

(C)    Fixture filings in §§ 9–501, 9–502, 9–512, 9–516, and 9–519; and

(D)    Security agreements covering personal and real property in § 9–604;

(12)    An assignment of a claim arising in tort, other than a commercial tort claim, but §§ 9–315 and 9–322 apply with respect to proceeds and priorities in proceeds; or

(13)    An assignment of a deposit account in a consumer transaction, but §§ 9–315 and 9–322 apply with respect to proceeds and priorities in proceeds.