§431M-1 Definitions. Whenever used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:

"Advanced practice registered nurse" means a person licensed pursuant to chapter 457.

"Alcohol dependence" means any use of alcohol which produces a pattern of pathological use causing impairment in social or occupational functioning or produces physiological dependency evidenced by physical tolerance or withdrawal.

"Alcohol or drug dependence outpatient services" means alcohol or drug dependence nonresidential treatment provided on an ambulatory basis to patients with alcohol or drug dependence problems that includes interventions prescribed and performed by qualified physicians, psychologists, licensed clinical social workers, licensed marriage and family therapists, licensed mental health [counselors], or advanced practice registered nurses. This definition shall not imply a broadening of the scope of or granting of prescriptive authority privileges, except as otherwise allowed pursuant to chapter 457.

"Certified substance abuse counselor" means a person who is certified pursuant to section 321-193.

"Day treatment services" means treatment services provided by a hospital, mental health outpatient facility, or nonhospital facility to patients who, because of their conditions, require more than periodic hourly service. Day treatment services shall be prescribed by a physician, psychologist, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, licensed mental health counselor, or advanced practice registered nurse, and carried out under the supervision of a physician, psychologist, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, licensed mental health counselor, or advanced practice registered nurse. Day treatment services require less than twenty-four hours of care and a minimum of three hours in any one day.

"Detoxification services" means the process whereby a person intoxicated by alcohol, drugs, or both, or a person who is dependent upon alcohol, drugs, or both, is assisted through the period of time necessary to eliminate, by metabolic or other means, the intoxicating alcohol or drug dependency factors, as determined by a physician or advanced practice registered nurse, while keeping the physiological risk to the person at a minimum.

"Drug dependence" means any pattern of pathological use of drugs causing impairment in social or occupational functioning and producing psychological or physiological dependency or both, evidenced by physical tolerance or withdrawal.

"Hospital" means a facility licensed as a hospital by the department of health and accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations.

"In-hospital services" means the provision of medical, nursing, or therapeutic services twenty-four hours a day in a hospital.

"Licensed clinical social worker" means a person who is a licensed clinical social worker pursuant to chapter 467E.

"Licensed dietitian" means a person who uses the title of licensed dietitian or dietitian and has been licensed to practice dietetics under chapter 448B.

"Licensed marriage and family therapist" means a person licensed in marriage and family therapy practice pursuant to chapter 451J.

"Licensed mental health counselor" means a person:

(1) Who engages in the practice of [mental] health counseling and uses the title of licensed mental health counselor;

(2) Who is licensed in mental health counseling practice pursuant to chapter 453D; and

(3) Whose license is in effect and not revoked or suspended.

"Mental health outpatient facility" means a mental health establishment, clinic, institution, center, or community mental health center, that provides for the diagnosis, treatment, care, or rehabilitation of mentally ill persons, that has been accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations or the Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities or certified by the department of health.

"Mental health outpatient services" means mental health nonresidential treatment provided on an ambulatory basis to patients with mental illness that includes interventions prescribed and performed by a physician, psychologist, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, licensed mental health counselor, or advanced practice registered nurse.

"Mental illness" means a syndrome of clinically significant psychological, biological, or behavioral abnormalities that results in personal distress or suffering, impairment of capacity for functioning, or both. For the purposes of this chapter, the terms "mental disorder" and "mental illness" shall be used interchangeably and shall include the definitions identified in the most recent publications of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association or International Classification of Disease. Epilepsy, senility, intellectual disability, or other developmental disabilities and addiction to or abuse of intoxicating substances do not in and of themselves constitute a mental disorder.

"Nonhospital facility" means a facility for the care or treatment of alcohol dependent, drug dependent, or mentally ill persons, which has been accredited by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations or the Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities or certified by the department of health and, if residential, has been licensed as a special treatment facility by the department of health.

"Nonhospital residential services" means the provision of medical, psychological, nursing, counseling, or therapeutic services to patients suffering from alcohol dependence, drug dependence, or mental illness by a nonhospital residential facility, according to individualized treatment plans.

"Partial hospitalization" means treatment services, including in-hospital treatment services or benefits, provided by a hospital or mental health outpatient facility to patients who, because of their conditions, require more than periodic hourly service. Partial hospitalization shall be prescribed by a physician or psychologist, and may be prescribed by a licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, licensed mental health counselor, or advanced practice registered nurse in consultation with a physician or psychologist. Partial hospitalization requires less than twenty-four hours of care and a minimum of three hours in any one day.

"Physician" means a person licensed in the practice of medicine or osteopathy pursuant to chapter 453.

"Psychologist" means a person licensed in the practice of psychology pursuant to chapter 465.

"Qualified" means:

(1) Having skill in the diagnosis or treatment of substance use disorders, based on a practitioner's credentials, including but not limited to professional education, clinical training, licensure, board or other certification, clinical experience, letters of reference, other professional qualifications, and disciplinary action; or

(2) Being a licensed physician, psychologist, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, licensed mental health counselor, or advanced practice registered nurse, and certified pursuant to chapter 321.

"Substance abuse services" means the provision of medical, psychological, nursing, counseling, or therapeutic services in response to a treatment plan for alcohol or drug dependence or both which shall include, when appropriate, a combination of aftercare and individual, group, and family counseling services provided by qualified staff.

"Treatment episode" means one admission to an accredited hospital or nonhospital facility, or office of a qualified physician, psychologist, licensed clinical social worker, licensed marriage and family therapist, licensed mental health counselor, or advanced practice registered nurse for treatment of alcohol or drug dependence, or both, as stipulated in a prescribed treatment plan and that would generally produce remission in those who complete the treatment. The prescribed treatment plan may include the provision of substance abuse services in more than one location and may include in-hospital, nonhospital residential, day treatment, or alcohol or drug dependence outpatient services, or any combination thereof. An admission for only detoxification services shall not constitute a treatment episode. [L 1988, c 202, pt of §1, §3; am L 1991, c 90, §1; am L 1994, c 111, §§1, 4; am L 1997, c 247, §1 and c 273, §1; am L 1998, c 78, §3; am L 1999, c 36, §1, c 121, §§1, 6, and c 215, §1; am L 2000, c 243, §8(2); am L 2001, c 111, §§1, 2, 4; am L 2002, c 167, §3 and c 239, §1; am L 2003, c 197, §§2, 3; am L 2005, c 140, §1; am L 2006, c 205, §2; am L 2007, c 38, §1; am L 2008, c 206, §2; am L 2009, c 11, §52; am L 2011, c 220, §12; am L 2015, c 35, §47 and c 63, §25; am L 2016, c 29, §2 and c 141, §12]