(a) The court may make any of the following orders of disposition or a combination of those best suited to the protection and physical, emotional, mental, and moral welfare of a child adjudicated as a dependent child:

(1) Permit such child to remain with his or her parent, guardian, or legal custodian subject to conditions and limitations as the court prescribes, including supervision as directed by the court for the protection of such child;

(2) Grant or transfer temporary legal custody to any of these persons or entities:

(A) Any individual, including a biological parent, who, after study by the probation officer or other person or agency designated by the court, is found by the court to be qualified to receive and care for such child, provided that priority for placement is given to an adult who is a relative or fictive kin;

(B) An agency or other private organization licensed or otherwise authorized by law to receive and provide care for such child;

(C) Any public agency authorized by law to receive and provide care for such child; provided, however, that for the purpose of this Code section, the term "public agency" shall not include DJJ or DBHDD; or

(D) An individual in another state with or without supervision by an appropriate officer pursuant to the requirements of Code Section 39-4-4, the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children;

(3) Transfer jurisdiction over such child in accordance with the requirements of Code Section 39-4-4, the Interstate Compact on the Placement of Children;

(4) Order such child and his or her parent, guardian, or legal custodian to participate in counseling or in counsel and advice as determined by the court. Such counseling and counsel and advice may be provided by the court, court personnel, probation officers, professional counselors or social workers, psychologists, physicians, physician assistants, qualified volunteers, or appropriate public, private, or volunteer agencies as directed by the court and shall be designed to assist in deterring future conditions of dependency or other conduct or conditions which would be harmful to a child or society;

(5) Order the parent, guardian, or legal custodian of such child to participate in a court approved educational or counseling program designed to contribute to the ability of such parent, guardian, or legal custodian to provide proper parental care and supervision of such child, including, but not limited to, parenting classes;

(6) Order DFCS to implement and such child's parent, guardian, or legal custodian to cooperate with any plan approved by the court; or

(7) Order temporary child support for such child to be paid by that person or those persons determined to be legally obligated to support such child. In determining such temporary child support, the court shall apply the child support guidelines provided in Code Section 19-6-15 and the implementation and any review of the order shall be held as provided in Code Section 19-6-15. Where there is an existing order of a superior court or other court of competent jurisdiction, the court may order the child support obligor in the existing order to make payments to such child's caretaker on a temporary basis but shall not otherwise modify the terms of the existing order. A copy of the juvenile court's order shall be filed in the clerk's office of the court that entered the existing order. Temporary child support orders entered pursuant to this paragraph shall be enforceable by the court's contempt powers so long as the court is entitled to exercise jurisdiction over the dependency case.

(b) The transfer of temporary legal custody may be subject to conditions and limitations the court may prescribe. Such conditions and limitations shall include a provision that the court shall approve or direct the return of the physical custody of a child adjudicated as a dependent child to his or her parent, guardian, or legal custodian either upon the occurrence of specified circumstances or at the direction of the court. The return of physical custody of a child adjudicated as a dependent child to his or her parent, guardian, or legal custodian may be made subject to conditions and limitations the court may prescribe, including, but not limited to, supervision for the protection of such child.

(c) A child adjudicated as a dependent child shall not be committed to or confined in an institution or other facility designed or operated for the benefit of delinquent children unless such child is also adjudicated to be a delinquent child and such child's detention is warranted under the requirements of Article 6 of this chapter.

(d) After transferring temporary legal custody of a child adjudicated as a dependent child to DFCS, the court may at any time conduct sua sponte a judicial review of the current placement plan being provided to such child. After its review, the court may order DFCS to comply with the current placement plan, order DFCS to devise a new placement plan, or make any other order relative to placement or custody outside DFCS as the court finds to be in the best interests of such child. Placement or a change of custody by the court outside DFCS shall relieve DFCS of further responsibility for such child except for any provision of services ordered by the court to ensure the continuation of reunification services to such child's family when appropriate.

(e) A court shall not be required to make an order of disposition regarding a child who is discharged from a facility in which such child was hospitalized or habilitated pursuant to Chapter 3, 4, or 7 of Title 37 unless such child is to be discharged into the physical custody of any person who had such custody when the court made its most recent adjudication that the child was a dependent child.

(f) If a child is adjudicated as a dependent child and the dependency is found to have been the result of substance abuse by his or her parent, guardian, or legal custodian and the court orders transfer of temporary legal custody of such child, the court shall be authorized to further order that legal custody of such child may not be transferred back to his or her parent, guardian, or legal custodian unless such parent, guardian, or legal custodian:

(1) Undergoes substance abuse treatment and random substance abuse screenings and those screenings remain negative for a period of no less than 12 consecutive months; or

(2) Successfully completes programming through a family treatment court division.

(g) If the court finds that DFCS preventive or reunification efforts have not been reasonable but that further efforts could not permit a child adjudicated as a dependent child to safely remain at home, the court may nevertheless authorize or continue the removal of such child.

(h) When the case plan requires a concurrent permanency plan, the court shall review the reasonable efforts of DFCS to recruit, identify, and make a placement in a home in which a relative of a child adjudicated as a dependent child, foster parent, or other persons who have demonstrated an ongoing commitment to the child has agreed to provide a legally permanent home for such child in the event reunification efforts are not successful.