(a) Members and units of the National Guard shall assemble for drill or other equivalent training, instruction, or duties during each year and shall participate in field training, encampments, maneuvers, schools, conferences, or other similar duties each year as may be prescribed by the laws of the United States and of the state and the regulations issued thereunder. However, no assembly of any such unit of the organized militia shall be ordered in time of peace for any day during which a general election shall be held, except in case of riot, invasion, or insurrection or imminent danger thereof.

(b) Within the amount appropriated therefor, the Adjutant General may prescribe and order the number of days, if any, for assemblies or drills or other equivalent training, instruction, or duties to be performed annually by members of the National Guard for which they may receive pay and allowances.

(c) Within the amount appropriated therefor, the Adjutant General may prescribe and order the number of days, if any, of field training, encampments, maneuvers, schools, conferences, or other similar duties to be performed by members of the National Guard for which they may receive pay and allowances.

(d) Members of the National Guard may be ordered by the Governor or under his or her authority to perform special duty, including duty in a judicial proceeding or course of justice conducted pursuant to § 12-64-101 et seq., or as a member of or in any other capacity with any military board or as an investigating officer or as a medical examiner or as a judge advocate in the performance of legal services in any suit, action, or proceeding pertaining to the military.