Alternative sentences include the sentences or punishments a judge may give, other than a traditional jail or prison term, or the death penalty. Alternative sentences are often given in combinations of fines, restitution, probation, deferred adjudication, suspended sentences, community service, diversion programs, drug and alcohol treatment programs, house arrest, breathalyzer or ignition interlock device (IID) installation, and teaching or attending classes regarding crime and criminal behavior.

In Virginia, alternative sentences are legal options that judges can use to punish and rehabilitate offenders without imposing traditional incarceration or the death penalty. These alternatives are designed to address the specific circumstances of the crime and the offender's background. They may include fines, restitution payments to victims, probation periods during which the offender must comply with certain conditions, and deferred adjudication where the judge withholds a formal conviction while the offender completes certain requirements. Suspended sentences allow the offender to avoid jail time unless they violate the terms of their suspension. Community service is another common alternative, requiring the offender to perform work for the benefit of the community. Diversion programs aim to redirect offenders from the criminal justice system, often focusing on education and rehabilitation, particularly for first-time or low-level offenders. Drug and alcohol treatment programs are used for offenders whose crimes are related to substance abuse issues. House arrest confines an offender to their home instead of jail. Breathalyzer or ignition interlock device (IID) installation is a requirement for some DUI offenders to prevent them from operating a vehicle while impaired. Educational programs may also be mandated, where offenders learn about the consequences of crime and how to avoid criminal behavior in the future. The use of these alternative sentences is subject to the discretion of the court and the specific laws and guidelines that govern sentencing in Virginia.