The owner of a dog or other animal may be liable for negligence in handling the dog when the dog causes personal injury or property damage. Sometimes a plaintiff must show that the owner had knowledge of the dog's dangerous propensities in order for the dog's owner to be liable for negligent handling.
In Virginia, the liability of a dog or other animal owner for injuries or damages caused by their animal is generally based on the 'one-bite rule.' This means that the owner may be held liable if they knew or should have known about the dog's dangerous propensities prior to the incident. This is often established if the dog has a history of aggression or has bitten someone before. However, Virginia does not have a statewide dog bite statute that specifically addresses this issue, so the common law principles typically apply. Additionally, local ordinances may impose stricter liability rules on dog owners. If an owner is found negligent in handling their dog, such as by failing to properly restrain or control the animal, and this negligence leads to personal injury or property damage, the owner can be held liable. It is important for plaintiffs to show that the owner's negligence directly caused the harm, and that the owner had prior knowledge of the dog's dangerous behavior to establish liability.