(b) The Land Conservation and Development Commission may establish a set of factors under which additional cities are subject to the provisions of this section. In establishing the set of factors required under this paragraph, the commission shall consider the size of the city, the rate of population growth of the city or the proximity of the city to another city with a population of 25,000 or more or to a metropolitan service district.

(2)(a) A local government shall demonstrate that its comprehensive plan or regional framework plan provides sufficient buildable lands within the urban growth boundary established pursuant to statewide planning goals to accommodate estimated housing needs for 20 years:

(A) At periodic review under ORS 197.628 to 197.651;

(B) As scheduled by the commission:

(i) At least once each eight years for local governments that are not within a metropolitan service district; or

(ii) At least once each six years for a metropolitan service district; or

(C) At any other legislative review of the comprehensive plan or regional framework plan that concerns the urban growth boundary and requires the application of a statewide planning goal relating to buildable lands for residential use.

(b) The 20-year period shall commence on the date initially scheduled for completion of the review under paragraph (a) of this subsection.

(3) In performing the duties under subsection (2) of this section, a local government shall:

(a) Inventory the supply of buildable lands within the urban growth boundary and determine the housing capacity of the buildable lands; and

(b) Conduct an analysis of existing and projected housing need by type and density range, in accordance with all factors under ORS 197.303 and statewide planning goals and rules relating to housing, to determine the number of units and amount of land needed for each needed housing type for the next 20 years.

(4)(a) For the purpose of the inventory described in subsection (3)(a) of this section, "buildable lands" includes:

(A) Vacant lands planned or zoned for residential use;

(B) Partially vacant lands planned or zoned for residential use;

(C) Lands that may be used for a mix of residential and employment uses under the existing planning or zoning; and

(D) Lands that may be used for residential infill or redevelopment.

(b) For the purpose of the inventory and determination of housing capacity described in subsection (3)(a) of this section, the local government must demonstrate consideration of:

(A) The extent that residential development is prohibited or restricted by local regulation and ordinance, state law and rule or federal statute and regulation;

(B) A written long term contract or easement for radio, telecommunications or electrical facilities, if the written contract or easement is provided to the local government; and

(C) The presence of a single family dwelling or other structure on a lot or parcel.

(c) Except for land that may be used for residential infill or redevelopment, a local government shall create a map or document that may be used to verify and identify specific lots or parcels that have been determined to be buildable lands.

(5)(a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this subsection, the determination of housing capacity pursuant to subsection (3)(a) of this section must be based on data relating to land within the urban growth boundary that has been collected since the last review under subsection (2)(a)(B) of this section. The data shall include:

(A) The number, density and average mix of housing types of urban residential development that have actually occurred;

(B) Trends in density and average mix of housing types of urban residential development;

(C) Market factors that may substantially impact future urban residential development; and

(D) The number, density and average mix of housing types that have occurred on the buildable lands described in subsection (4)(a) of this section.

(b) A local government shall make the determination described in paragraph (a) of this subsection using a shorter time period than the time period described in paragraph (a) of this subsection if the local government finds that the shorter time period will provide more accurate and reliable data related to housing capacity. The shorter time period may not be less than three years.

(c) A local government shall use data from a wider geographic area or use a time period longer than the time period described in paragraph (a) of this subsection if the analysis of a wider geographic area or the use of a longer time period will provide more accurate, complete and reliable data relating to trends affecting housing need than an analysis performed pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection. The local government must clearly describe the geographic area, time frame and source of data used in a determination performed under this paragraph.

(6) If the housing need determined pursuant to subsection (3)(b) of this section is greater than the housing capacity determined pursuant to subsection (3)(a) of this section, the local government shall take one or both of the following actions to accommodate the additional housing need:

(a) Amend its urban growth boundary to include sufficient buildable lands to accommodate housing needs for the next 20 years. As part of this process, the local government shall consider the effects of measures taken pursuant to paragraph (b) of this subsection. The amendment shall include sufficient land reasonably necessary to accommodate the siting of new public school facilities. The need and inclusion of lands for new public school facilities shall be a coordinated process between the affected public school districts and the local government that has the authority to approve the urban growth boundary.

(b) Amend its comprehensive plan, regional framework plan, functional plan or land use regulations to include new measures that demonstrably increase the likelihood that residential development will occur at densities sufficient to accommodate housing needs for the next 20 years without expansion of the urban growth boundary. A local government or metropolitan service district that takes this action shall adopt findings regarding the density expectations assumed to result from measures adopted under this paragraph based upon the factors listed in ORS 197.303 (2) and data in subsection (5)(a) of this section. The density expectations may not project an increase in residential capacity above achieved density by more than three percent without quantifiable validation of such departures. For a local government located outside of a metropolitan service district, a quantifiable validation must demonstrate that the assumed housing capacity has been achieved in areas that are zoned to allow no greater than the same authorized density level within the local jurisdiction or a jurisdiction in the same region. For a metropolitan service district, a quantifiable validation must demonstrate that the assumed housing capacity has been achieved in areas that are zoned to allow no greater than the same authorized density level within the metropolitan service district.

(c) As used in this subsection, "authorized density level" has the meaning given that term in ORS 227.175.

(7) Using the housing need analysis conducted under subsection (3)(b) of this section, the local government shall determine the overall average density and overall mix of housing types at which residential development of needed housing types must occur in order to meet housing needs over the next 20 years. If that density is greater than the actual density of development determined under subsection (5)(a)(A) of this section, or if that mix is different from the actual mix of housing types determined under subsection (5)(a)(A) of this section, the local government, as part of its periodic review, shall adopt measures that demonstrably increase the likelihood that residential development will occur at the housing types and density and at the mix of housing types required to meet housing needs over the next 20 years.

(8)(a) A local government outside a metropolitan service district that takes any actions under subsection (6) or (7) of this section shall demonstrate that the comprehensive plan and land use regulations comply with goals and rules adopted by the commission and implement ORS 197.286 to 197.314.

(b) A local government shall determine the density and mix of housing types anticipated as a result of actions taken under subsections (6) and (7) of this section and monitor and record the actual density and mix of housing types achieved following the adoption of these actions. The local government shall compare actual and anticipated density and mix. The local government shall submit its comparison to the commission at the next review of its urban growth boundary under subsection (2)(a) of this section.

(9) In establishing that actions and measures adopted under subsections (6) and (7) of this section demonstrably increase the likelihood of higher density residential development, the local government shall at a minimum ensure that land zoned for needed housing is in locations appropriate for the housing types identified under subsection (3) of this section, is zoned at density ranges that are likely to be achieved by the housing market using the analysis in subsection (3) of this section and is in areas where sufficient urban services are planned to enable the higher density development to occur over the 20-year period. Actions or measures, or both, may include but are not limited to:

(a) Increases in the permitted density on existing residential land;

(b) Financial incentives for higher density housing;

(c) Provisions permitting additional density beyond that generally allowed in the zoning district in exchange for amenities and features provided by the developer;

(d) Removal or easing of approval standards or procedures;

(e) Minimum density ranges;

(f) Redevelopment and infill strategies;

(g) Authorization of housing types not previously allowed by the plan or regulations;

(h) Adoption of an average residential density standard; and

(i) Rezoning or redesignation of nonresidential land.

(10)(a) The provisions of this subsection apply to local government comprehensive plans for lands within the urban growth boundary of a city that is located outside of a metropolitan service district and has a population of less than 25,000.

(b) As required under paragraph (c) of this subsection, a city shall, according to rules of the commission:

(A) Determine the estimated housing needs within the jurisdiction for the next 20 years;

(B) Inventory the supply of buildable lands available within the urban growth boundary to accommodate the estimated housing needs determined under this subsection; and

(C) Adopt measures necessary to accommodate the estimated housing needs determined under this subsection.

(c) The actions required under paragraph (b) of this subsection shall be undertaken:

(A) At periodic review pursuant to ORS 197.628 to 197.651;

(B) On a schedule established by the commission for cities with a population greater than 10,000, not to exceed once each eight years; or

(C) At any other legislative review of the comprehensive plan that requires the application of a statewide planning goal relating to buildable lands for residential use.

(d) For the purpose of the inventory described in this subsection, "buildable lands" includes those lands described in subsection (4)(a) of this section. [1995 c.547 §3; 2001 c.908 §1; 2003 c.177 §1; 2015 c.27 §19; 2017 c.102 §1; 2019 c.639 §5; 2019 c.640 §8a]

Note: Sections 1 and 2, chapter 640, Oregon Laws 2019, provide:

Sec. 1. Housing needs analyses. (1) As used in this section:

(a) "Area median income" means the median income for households established by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development.

(b) "Existing housing stock" means housing, by affordability level and type, actually constructed in a city or Metro.

(c) "High income" means above 120 percent of the area median income.

(d) "Housing shortage" means the difference between the estimated housing units of different affordability levels and housing types needed to accommodate the existing population and the existing housing stock, measured in dwelling units.

(e) "Low income" means income above 50 percent and at or below 80 percent of the area median income.

(f) "Metro" means a metropolitan service district organized under ORS chapter 268.

(g) "Moderate income" means income above 80 percent and at or below 120 percent of the area median income.

(h) "Region" has the meaning given that term in ORS 284.752.

(i) "Very low income" means income at or below 50 percent of the area median income.

(2) The Housing and Community Services Department, in coordination with the Department of Land Conservation and Development and the Oregon Department of Administrative Services, shall develop a methodology for calculating:

(a) A regional housing needs analysis that identifies the total number of housing units necessary to accommodate anticipated populations in a region over the next 20 years based on:

(A) Trends in density and in the average mix of housing types of urban residential development;

(B) Demographic and population trends;

(C) Economic trends and cycles; and

(D) Equitable distribution of publicly supported housing within a region.

(b) An estimate of existing housing stock of each city and Metro.

(c) A housing shortage analysis for each city and Metro.

(d) An estimate of the number of housing units necessary to accommodate anticipated population growth over the next 20 years for each city and Metro.

(3) The methodologies for calculating the regional housing needs analysis, the estimate of existing housing stock, the housing shortage analysis and the estimate of housing necessary to accommodate growth that are developed under subsection (2) of this section must classify housing by:

(a) Housing type, including attached and detached single-family housing, multifamily housing and manufactured dwellings or mobile homes; and

(b) Affordability, by housing that is affordable to households with:

(A) Very low income;

(B) Low income;

(C) Moderate income; or

(D) High income.

(4) No later than September 1, 2020, the Housing and Community Services Department, in coordination with the Department of Land Conservation and Development and the Oregon Department of Administrative Services, shall conduct for each region a regional housing needs analysis and, for each city and Metro, shall estimate existing housing stock, conduct a housing shortage analysis and estimate the housing necessary to accommodate growth.

(5) In developing the methodologies and conducting the analyses under this section, the Housing and Community Services Department may:

(a) Consult or contract with subject matter experts, cities and Metro, regional solutions centers described in ORS 284.754 (2) and other jurisdictions that have created or conducted regional housing needs analyses.

(b) Consider the most recent consolidated population forecast produced by the Portland State University Population Research Center in making any relevant calculation or forecast.

(c) Consider any other relevant existing analyses, data and other information collected or produced by state agencies or public entities.

(d) Make changes to the regional boundaries in order to make regions more accurately align with shared employment, transportation or housing market dynamics. [2019 c.640 §1]

Sec. 2. Reports. (1) No later than March 1, 2021, the Housing and Community Services Department, in consultation with the Department of Land Conservation and Development and the Oregon Department of Administrative Services, shall submit a report, in the manner provided in ORS 192.245 to an appropriate committee of the Legislative Assembly, that summarizes the findings of the regional housing needs analysis, estimate of housing stock, housing shortage analysis and estimate of housing necessary to accommodate growth conducted under section 1 (4) of this 2019 Act.

(2) No later than March 1, 2021, the Department of Land Conservation and Development, in consultation with the Oregon Department of Administrative Services and the Housing and Community Services Department, shall submit a report, in the manner provided in ORS 192.245, to an appropriate committee of the Legislative Assembly that evaluates:

(a) Whether a regional housing needs analysis and housing shortage analysis described in section 1 of this 2019 Act could appropriately allocate among the cities or local governments in a region the housing shortage described;

(b) How a regional housing needs analysis and housing shortage analysis may compare to existing assessments of housing need and capacity conducted by local governments under ORS 197.296 (3) and (10) in terms of:

(A) Cost and cost effectiveness;

(B) Reliability and accuracy;

(C) Repeatability; and

(D) Predictability;

(c) How a regional housing needs analysis and housing shortage analysis may relate to statewide planning goals related to housing and any rules and policies adopted pursuant to these goals and ORS 197.295 to 197.314 [series became 197.286 to 197.314];

(d) Whether different boundaries would be more appropriate for defining regions within the regional housing needs analysis based on:

(A) Relevance of data in appropriately defining a commuting, employment or housing market; or

(B) Ease or cost of collecting or analyzing data;

(e) Other ways in which the regional housing needs analysis or housing shortage analysis could be improved; and

(f) Whether the regional housing needs analysis, or an improved version, could serve as an acceptable methodology statewide for land use planning relating to housing.

(3) In preparing the report required under subsection (2) of this section, the Department of Land Conservation and Development may consult or contract with other state agencies, subject matter experts, private firms, local governments, regional solutions centers described in ORS 284.754 (2) and other jurisdictions that have created or conducted regional housing needs analyses. [2019 c.640 §2]